The UAZ 469 car, produced by the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant, specializes in the transportation of people and goods. The cross-country ability of this machine allows you to drive on any roads.
General characteristics
Gearbox UAZ
A gearbox is a vehicle's gear box. UAZ 469 has a mechanical 4-speed gearbox equipped with inertial-type synchronizers. They are designed to engage gears without noise and rumble. Synchronizers help to equalize the speed of the connecting teeth before engaging. The rotation speeds of the motor and wheels do not match; a synchronizer is needed to combine them. In addition, the gearbox allows the car to move in reverse.
The UAZ 469 gearbox gearbox consists of the following parts:
- primary shaft;
- front cover;
- special purpose nut;
- auxiliary fixture;
- autolaying;
- ball bearings;
- main shaft bearing;
- crankcase;
- coupling for connecting III and IV gears;
- 3rd gear gear;
- gear wheel II gear;
- coupling for connecting I and II gears;
- gear wheel of the 1st gear;
- secondary shaft;
- fixing washer;
- spacer ring gearbox;
- fixing bolt;
- washer for fastening;
- intermediate shaft;
- reverse gear axle;
- reverse gear;
- Cork;
- block of gears for the drive of the intermediate shaft and III gear;
- lid.
UAZ box device
If you are interested in the UAZ checkpoint scheme, it is easy to find it in the photos and drawings posted on various sites on the Internet.
4 studs are screwed into the clutch housing, on which the gearbox is mounted. The intermediate shaft drive has gears that are in stable engagement. Gears of the 1st gear - with straight teeth, 2nd and 3rd - spiral. They are mounted on the drive shaft, supported by needle bearings. The drive shaft has 2 bearings. The role of the clutch when the second gear is engaged is played by the first gear. The reverse gear is engaged and the first is due to the movement of the gears. Gearbox bearings are ball bearings. To avoid movement along the axis, the gears are fixed with rear bearings. The rear intermediate shaft bearing is integrated with the shaft itself with a bolt.
The switching device has 3 forks attached to the stems with locking screws and located in the side cover. The spherical stopper of a neutral arrangement and the included transfers has a rod. The lock crackers located between the rods do not allow connecting 2 gears at the same time. The support has a lever that helps move the forks. He himself is pressed by a spring to the supporting spherical surface. The boot put on the lever prevents water and dirt from entering the device. To prevent accidental reverse gear engagement (the driver can simply mix it up), this device contains a fuse - a plunger, which is equipped with a return spring and a ball.
The lubricator of the box is combined with the transfer case. Grease from the dispenser passes through a double-row bearing (angular contact) and an existing drain device, after which it returns through the drain hole.
UAZ gearbox repair
Manual transmission - the most important transmission unit of the UAZ 469 car. The UAZ 469 checkpoint has a responsible and fundamental task - tracking the variability of the engine torque and transferring from the engine to the drive wheels of the car. The UAZ 469 manual gearbox has a fairly long service life. This does not mean that the checkpoint does not need repair.
Proper use of the car makes it possible to do without repairs for a long time, but if the operating conditions are not met, the UAZ gearbox components wear out, which inevitably leads to repairs.
Depreciation and repair of the gearbox
In what cases does the operation of the machine entail wear of the parts of the box, as a result of which repairs are required?
- The use of cars in prohibitive modes.
- Operation of UAZ 469 with a faulty clutch.
- The use of low-quality oils for the drive axle.
- Carrying out maintenance of the gearbox by a non-professional.
These are the main prerequisites that can cause an urgent repair of the UAZ 469.
To repair the checkpoint, you need a large set of inventory.
- Open-end wrenches in 2 copies (for 10, 12, 13, 14, 17, 19, 22). With a 14 key, you need to unscrew the rear shaft from the transfer case flange. If you use this key incorrectly, you can create huge problems for yourself.
- End keys.
- Professional wrench for flat nuts.
- Standard and Phillips screwdrivers.
- Duckbills for removing and putting on retaining rings.
- Metal pin for knocking out individual parts.
- To quickly loosen nuts and bolts, you need a small piece of iron pipe.
- Quality core and chisel.
- Mounting blade.
- Heavy hammer.
- A large number of bolt and nut jars to consistently place parts in the process.
- Bearing puller.
- A car owner who treats his car with attention can identify problems in the operation of the gearbox.
UAZ cars (loaf) have the most spacious body. The body of the machine is made of durable material. The vehicle is equipped with security systems, a durable power unit that is capable of developing more than 100 horsepower, and a transmission system.
An all-wheel drive cargo-passenger UAZ, which has an increased cross-country ability, began to be mass-produced at the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant in the mid-1960s.
UAZ transmission components
On cars of the UAZ-452 family of a new model, there is a manual gearbox (four-speed). Inertial-type synchronizers provide easy gear shifting. The five-speed ADS gearbox is synchronized in all forward gears.
UAZ can be equipped with a 5-speed manual transmission Daimos (DYMOS). This gearbox is known for its reliability. The average resource of its work is 300,000 km. The fill plug is located in the middle of the box, drain from the bottom. They can be unscrewed with a hex wrench. When oil is drained, special containers should be prepared. New fluid must be filled up to the level of the oil filler hole on the box. The dipstick allows you to accurately determine to what mark the liquid is filled. An alternative to the probe can be a long nail. For preventive purposes, every 15,000 km it is necessary to measure the oil level.
The presence of mechanics on this option vehicle fully justified. It is important to use such a machine on rough terrain, off-road. In addition to this, there will be no problems with towing.
The gearbox has external shift levers. The lever in the cab moves freely both parallel and perpendicular to its axis.
The machine is equipped with a transfer case. In the design of the transfer case on the UAZ 452: drive axle shafts, gears. All listed components are in a cast-iron crankcase. The crankcase and cover are connected with nuts. The shift fork rods are securely fixed in the cover.
There is a slot, bearings. There is a helical gear for the speedometer drive. An intermediate shaft is fixed on the "loaf" bearings. This box has reliable gears with straight teeth.
Thus, the checkpoint on the UAZ 452 consists of many components and assemblies. This unit needs regular maintenance.
The need to diagnose the gearbox UAZ model 452
This vehicle must be diagnosed if control began to deteriorate, characteristic creaks began to be heard when gears were changed or gears began to change spontaneously. The UAZ transfer case should be checked if the grip of the wheels with the road has noticeably deteriorated, a rumble begins to appear, an increasing noise during its operation.
During the passage of maintenance, the masters must check the system for oil leaks, the level of lubrication. All worn parts in the transmission system must be replaced with new ones. Also, diagnostics involves lubricating the axis of the levers, adjusting the front links.
Scheduled diagnostics in a professional auto repair shop allows you to accurately determine the existing nature of the problem with the box, eliminate existing problems at an early stage.
Causes of breakdowns
As a rule, the need to replace the main components at the gearbox arises with their natural wear and tear.
Causes of gearbox breakdowns
The main reason for oil leakage from the gearbox is the presence of advanced level fuel in the system. For a gearbox on a UAZ, high-quality oil should be used. If the liquid does not have the proper quality, then characteristic noises from the side of the box may occur due to this. When the synchronizer or its parts are worn out, it is always difficult to change gears. Pay attention to the details of the switching mechanism. When the gear teeth are deformed, self-disengagement of gears is often noted.
Gearbox removal process
Repair of a checkpoint on a UAZ 452 is quite possible to do it yourself. This requires:
- a set of wrenches, including the wrenches needed to tighten the nuts;
- screwdrivers;
- hammer;
- chisel;
- pliers.
Dismantling algorithm.
The car must be on level ground. It is necessary to drain the oil from the two boxes by unscrewing the drain plugs. Next, the front seats, hatch halves, clutch release fork, transverse frame, gear levers from the boxes are removed.
The speedometer shaft, suspension mounts in the undercarriage, brake levers are subject to removal. As a result, an exit to the clutch housing opens. A box is fixed on it with fastening nuts, which must be unscrewed, then the UAZ gearbox is carefully extended along with the transfer gearbox until the splined shaft exits the flywheel. The driver will need an assistant to remove the box.
The assembly of the UAZ gearbox requires due attention. With self-assembly, the driver may have difficulty installing the input shaft in the clutch system. With this process, it is necessary to actively move the box so that the shaft gets into the splines.
As soon as the disassembly into individual component parts has taken place, the box must be washed in kerosene and dried. All component parts are checked for integrity. First of all, this concerns the crankcase, shafts. If the threads on the shafts are damaged, they must be replaced. It seems dangerous to operate the machine if the gears are chipped.
Thus, the timely repair of the UAZ "loaf" checkpoint helps to extend the life of the box.
UAZ-469 is one of the cargo-passenger vehicles, which are distinguished by an increased level of cross-country ability. The car was produced by the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant. In addition to the UAZ-469, the automobile plant presented such models as the UAZ 452 (loaf), UAZ Patriot.
Transmission feature
On the UAZ 469, the gearbox is mechanical, designed for 4 steps. At the same time, the 4-speed gearbox is equipped with synchronizers. They are needed to implement speed equalization. Shafts are present, while the input shaft is based on two supports. The countershaft drive gears are helical. To absorb the occurrence of radial and axial loads during movement, the rear shaft support includes a double-row angular contact ball bearing. Such a checkpoint allows the vehicle to move in reverse. The vehicle is equipped with a transfer case. The UAZ 469 transfer case includes drive axle shafts, gears, which have a long working life.
Gearbox diagram UAZ 469 Transfer case diagram
The advantage of a manual transmission is that it is designed for a long service life. A car that has off-road qualities and is equipped with a manual transmission is great for off-road use.
UAZ 469 gearbox, inside view
Carrying out diagnostics of the UAZ 469 checkpoint
The car is subject to diagnostics if its control has deteriorated. In parallel, squeaks can be heard when changing gears. Also, it is necessary to check the condition of the box if the gears are activated spontaneously. In some cases, it is necessary to replace bearings, gears to solve the problem with the occurrence of noise. With the tightness of the gear change, the synchronizers are checked. The main reason why there is a need to replace the component parts of the box on an SUV is their natural wear and tear.
One of the signs that the transfer case should be checked if the grip of the wheels with the road has deteriorated, while the noise from it began to increase. Leads to the repair of the gearbox on the UAZ 469 improper use of the vehicle. In particular, it is necessary to carry out timely replacement of gear oil.
Another problem that a UAZ driver may encounter is oil leakage from the gearbox. This manifestation is the result of the presence of an increased oil level in the gearbox. Also, if water gets into the system while refueling the box with new fuel, the motorist will soon face the problem of fluid leakage from the gearbox. However, not only the use of low-quality oil can be the reason that leaks will be noted, since there may be a crack on the crankcase or in the cover of the UAZ 469 gearbox.
Thus, the UAZ 469 speed box includes many working units that ensure the optimal functioning of the automotive system. Given this, the owner of the vehicle must subject the car to regular maintenance. This will reduce the risk of premature repair of the UAZ 469 gearbox.
Do-it-yourself dismantling of the speed box
What locksmith tools are needed to repair the gearbox? To carry out repairs, you should get a whole repair kit. In particular, you will need open-end wrenches, socket wrenches, a hammer, screwdrivers, a mounting blade.
It should be noted the large weight of the box, all due to the fact that the device has a message with a dispenser. Given this, the dismantling of the box should not be done alone.
How to remove the box? To start the procedure for the withdrawal of the checkpoint, you must perform the following steps:
- UAZ becomes a viewing hole.
- The gear oil is drained (this will slightly lighten the weight of the box).
- In the cabin, the seats are dismantled.
- The clutch release fork, frame, cardan shaft, speedometer shaft, clutch pan, muffler adjacent to the transfer case must be removed. The hood must be removed.
- The transfer case must be disconnected from the main gearbox. As a rule, the handout is wrapped with a rope and hung up.
- All consumable parts (bolts, nuts, etc.) are unscrewed.
- Since the UAZ gearbox is fixed on the fasteners, they must be unscrewed and the box can be removed from the slots.
The UAZ gearbox is assembled in the reverse order.
When the seized box is disassembled, it is necessary to check the integrity of all components. Deformed elements must be replaced.
One of the important parts in the device of a car, in addition to the power plant, is the transmission. It provides the transmission of rotation and a change in the gear ratio from the motor to the wheels.
But if the engine has all the systems and mechanisms combined into a single design, then the transmission consists of separate parts that interact with each other.
The most technologically simple is the transmission with a manual gearbox.
It is this component that is used on almost all domestic cars (models with automatic transmissions began to appear only relatively recently).
A manual transmission is a simple transmission, therefore, its reliability indicators are high. But it is also prone to malfunctions and there are a lot of them, not to mention the automatic transmission.
Features of the design of the transmission of different cars
The transmission of passenger cars can have a different layout, which affects the number of components.
So, on the classic models VAZ-2106, 2107 and others - rear-wheel drive, so the transmission design includes a clutch, gearbox, driveshaft, rear axle with final drive, differential and axle shafts.
More modern models, the same VAZ-2109 - front-wheel drive, so it does not have a cardan with a bridge, and the main gear with a differential is included in the design of the gearbox.
But additionally there are drive shafts with.
And if we consider the design of SUVs - Chevrolet Niva, then their transmission layout includes all the indicated elements of a car with front and rear drives, and in addition there is also a transfer case that provides rotation to both axles and the ability to turn off one of them.
Transmission malfunctions, symptoms
The more components a transmission has, the more likely it is to fail. And in each of the components there are many faults.
Clutch.
On all of these cars, the clutch has an almost identical design - it is single-disk, “dry”.
Without a clutch, it would be impossible to start moving smoothly during a trip and change the gear ratio at the gearbox, since this requires disconnecting the motor from the transmission.
Since the clutch is structurally the same, the malfunctions on all the listed cars are identical. The only difference is the types of drives.
So, on the VAZ-2106, 2107, as well as the VAZ Niva, Niva Chevrolet, UAZ Patriot, a hydraulic drive is used, and in the VAZ-2109 - mechanical, cable.
If we consider the clutch itself, then its main malfunctions are:
- Wear of the driven disk (friction linings, splines, dampers);
- Wear of the working surfaces of the flywheel and drive disk;
- Damage to dampers, diaphragm release spring;
- Depreciation of the release bearing and damage to its drive fork;
- Incorrect adjustment.
Signs of a clutch malfunction are quite clearly visible, and they manifest themselves in the form of “slip”, “driving”, increased noise under certain operating conditions, jerks at the start of movement.
In most cases, to fix problems with the clutch, it is necessary to disassemble it, troubleshoot and replace damaged and worn elements.
As for the drive, the VAZ-2109 does not have so many breakdowns in it, and they usually come down to problems with the cable - its gust or biting. Everything is “treated” by the usual replacement.
But there are more malfunctions in the hydraulic drive. In such a drive, depressurization of the system, damage to the main and working cylinders may occur.
Recovery depends on the component that has problems. If the system has leaked, then it is eliminated by replacing the pipeline, followed by pumping.
Cylinders are either repaired using repair kits, or simply changed.
Transmission.
The gearbox is one of the main components of the transmission, and it has the most complex design of all components. Therefore, she has more breakdowns.
On the VAZ of the classic family (2106, 2107), Sputnik (VAZ-2109, 21099), Niva 21213 and Chevrolet Niva, as well as UAZ Patriot, three-shaft mechanical gearboxes with constant gear engagement are used.
And although the checkpoints are structurally different (especially the VAZ-2109 relative to the others), the principle of operation is the same for all of them.
Therefore, the malfunctions of these transmission units on all the listed cars are, in fact, identical, as well as their symptoms.
If there are problems at the checkpoint, this will definitely manifest itself, and different ways. Signs of damage in the box are:
- Increased noise level (in different modes). Often this problem occurs due to wear of shaft bearings or synchronizer couplings. But such a malfunction can also appear due to damage to the blocking device, loosening of the gearbox mounting, low level of lubrication in the gearbox, and clutch malfunction;
- Reduced clarity of gear shifting, difficult gear shifting. Such signs occur in case of severe wear of the synchronizers or gears, damage to the shift sliders, misalignment or damage to the elements of the switching mechanism;
- Knocking out speed. This problem occurs due to wear and damage to a number of components of the box (all the same synchronizers, gears, switching mechanism, etc.);
- Oil leaks occur in case of wear of the box seals and loosening of the fasteners of the covers;
- Crunch when shifting gears. This result is given by damaged or heavily worn gears and synchronizers, as well as strong shaft play;
As seen, most of malfunctions are associated with the wear of the components of the box.
But it is possible to accurately identify the cause only after dismantling the assembly and disassembling it. It is possible to restore the performance of the gearbox by replacing worn components.
There are also more specific breakdowns, although they are much less common. These include the destruction of the body, loosening of fasteners, followed by a hit between the gears, etc.
cardan shafts.
The next transmission element is cardan shafts, which are used to transmit rotation to the VAZ-2106, 2107, as well as Niva 21213, Chevrolet Niva and UAZ Patriot.
But in the case of the first two cars, they have only one shaft in their design, but in SUVs there are two cardans (to transfer force to two drive axles), in Niva there is also an intermediate shaft connecting the gearbox to the transfer case.
The components of these shafts are also damaged and worn out during operation, which leads to a number of malfunctions, which manifest themselves as:
- Knocking when picking up speed. This indicates a malfunction of the hinge cross or its bearings, as well as loosening of the shaft fasteners;
- Squeaks (permanent or periodic). Usually such a result gives jamming in the hinge;
- Vibrations while driving. It appears as a result of strong backlash in the hinges, imbalance or bending of the shaft itself;
Problems with cardan shafts are eliminated by checking the condition of their hinges and replacing them in case of detection of critical wear, balancing. But often motorists simply change the shaft assembly.
Main bridge.
The main gears with differentials in cars VAZ 2106, Niva, Niva Chevrolet, UAZ Patriot are an introduced node and are located in the drive axles (in passenger cars - this is the rear axle, for SUVs - both).
The task of these transmission components is to distribute rotation to the wheels.
This unit, although relatively simple in design and consists of a small number of elements, but it also has malfunctions.
Signs of problems in the operation of the drive axle are as follows:
- Increased noise from the bridge. An increase in noise can occur due to wear of bearings, deformation of the axle beam or half shafts, wear of splined joints, misalignment of gaps and the appearance of backlash in the main gear and differential, jamming of satellites and gears of half shafts;
- Knocks at the beginning of the movement. It appears as a result of the appearance of increased gaps in spline connections or gear engagement main gear;
- Lubricant leak. Here, the cause of the malfunction is the seals used in the construction of the bridge;
Troubleshooting of the bridge is carried out by disassembling, troubleshooting, replacing worn and damaged elements, followed by adjustment of the engagement gaps.
Drive shafts.
As for the VAZ-2109, it does not have a drive axle, and the rotation from the main gear (included in the design of the gearbox) is transmitted to the wheels by means of drive shafts with CV joints.
Note that such drive shafts are used on the front axle in Niva 21213 and Chevrolet Niva. Also, the CV joint on the Niva is also installed on the intermediate shaft.
Regarding the UAZ Patriot, this SUV has a slightly different design front axle- axle shafts are present, but unlike the rear axle, CV joints are installed at their ends.
In such a drive, the "weak link" is precisely the constant velocity joint. This node is very sensitive to contamination and damage to the anther always leads to the gradual destruction of the element.
It is not difficult to identify problems with the hinge, because if dirt gets inside it, a distinct crunch will be heard when turning the steering wheel.
At the same time, the CV joint cannot be restored and if a sign of wear appears, it is replaced.
Transfer case.
The last element that is used in the transmission is the transfer case, but only SUVs have it.
Its task is to divide the rotation between the two drive axles, and with the possibility of lowering the gear ratio to provide more traction on the wheels.
Despite the fact that the device of the transfer case differs from the manual transmission, but in their designs, in fact, the same components are used - shafts and gears.
Therefore, the malfunctions at the transfer case are identical to the gearbox, namely, increased noise, unauthorized disconnection of the plug-in bridge, difficult switching between operating modes (high and low gears).
Note that the UAZ Patriot is equipped with a Dymos transfer case, which is structurally somewhat different from the classic one.
In addition, it has electronic control, which makes it even more prone to malfunctions, since in addition to mechanical breakdowns, the electronic component may malfunction.
Finally, we note that the most common malfunctions of transmission units are listed here, but in each of them there are other failures that are much less common.
In addition, there are cases when malfunctions of completely different components are perceived as transmission failures. For example, knocks in the rear suspension are often identified as problems in the rear axle.
Therefore, to identify a malfunction, a thorough diagnosis is required not only of transmission units, but also of closely located auto devices.
