Symptoms and methods of treatment of tendinitis of different localization. Tendinitis

Periarticular inflammation causes no less harm to the joints than injuries or degenerative destructive processes. They also seriously limit the active functioning of the joint, weakening it, causing discomfort and pain. For the hip joint, traumatic pathologies (fractures, sprains), as well as coxarthrosis, are more common, but sometimes one has to deal with another problem - hip tendonitis (it is also identified with tendinosis). In fact, tendinosis is associated with degenerative diseases, not inflammation, and may be a consequence of late arthrosis. But just like the joint, the tendon is subject to pathologies of a mixed type (inflammatory and degenerative): in this case, there will be no fundamental difference, as we call the disease - tendinitis or tendinosis.

Hip tendinitis is an inflammation of the tendons of the thigh muscles and the iliopsoas muscle.

Hip tendonitis: what causes it

This pathology in hip joint develops gradually for many reasons, but more often due to chronic tension associated with:

with the impact of the legs on the surface when running or jumping;
with repeated contraction of the hip muscles.

Hip tendinitis is a professional sports disease of athletes whose constant training and competitions take place on hard surfaces.

In other people, as an independent disease, tendinitis of the hip joint is rare. It usually develops as a result of:

arthrosis or arthritis;
infectious or systemic inflammatory process;
congenital hip dysplasia;
disorders of calcium metabolism;
age-related aging of periarticular tissues;
underactive thyroid gland.

Most often, tendinitis is observed in the upper region of the thigh, in the groin and in the pelvis, since microtraumas, fatigue ruptures of the tendons mainly occur at the place of their attachment to the bones of the pelvis and thigh.

Types of hip tendonitis

Distinguish tendonitis of the following tendons:

adductor longus muscle (groin tendonitis)
ilio-lumbar (T. hip flexor);
rectus and wide muscles of the thigh (T. quadriceps muscle).
tensor of the fascia lata (T. abductor muscle), etc.

Symptoms of hip tendinitis

The disease is characterized by some common signs characteristic of any tendinitis.

Common symptoms of hip tendonitis

Gradual development of pain symptoms.
Symptoms of pain disappear with initial movements, but return with repeated exertion with even greater force.
The gait changes, lameness soon appears.
Clicking sounds may be heard when walking, hip abduction, or flexion.

A snapping hip may also result from slippage of the gluteus maximus tendon attachment along the greater trochanter. This phenomenon occasionally occurs in young women and usually does not cause any pain or problems.

Stages of development of tendinitis

Tendinitis in its development goes through three stages:

Early on, pain in the upper pelvis, groin, or thigh occurs only after exercise.
On the second, pain symptoms are already felt during training, active movements and increased loads.
In the late period, the pain causes serious anxiety and burdens daily life, even when walking or during a night's sleep.

Specific symptoms of hip tendonitis

It is not always easy to determine which tendon is inflamed, since the hip area is the richest in muscle.

In general, the following typical symptoms can be distinguished:

Discomfort or pain in the groin when abducting the leg to the side and limiting the angle of elevation of the leg are signs of tendonitis of the tendon of the adductor thigh muscle.
Pain while walking, resting on the leg, radiating to the lower abdomen and groin is a symptom of inflammation of the tendon of the iliopsoas muscle.
Pain in the area of the apex of the greater trochanter and the lateral outer part of the thigh indicates tendinitis of the tendon of the abductor muscle.
Pain in the lower part of the pelvis (anterior inferior iliac bone) when the hip is flexed, radiating to the knee, indicates tendinitis of the quadriceps muscle.

Calcific tendonitis of hip joint

This chronic pathology is associated with the deposition of calcified masses in the tendons of the middle and small gluteal muscles.

The disease is accompanied by symptoms:

severe pain in the hip area;
forced position of the thigh (it is bent, abducted, turned inward or outward);
muscle spasms that restrict movement;
pain on palpation.

On x-rays in the periarticular tissues, cloudy cloudy inclusions are visible.

Treatment of hip tendonitis

You can determine the disease by conducting x-rays, ultrasound or a more accurate study - MRI.

Conservative treatment

Treatment is most often carried out without surgery:

The diseased hip joint should be in a state of relative rest - without active movements.
Ice compresses can be applied to the places of pain concentration (except for calcific inflammation of the tendons - it is treated on the contrary with heat).
Anti-inflammatory therapy is used, and corticosteroid injections are given for intense pain.
Effective treatment with SWT (shock wave therapy), especially with calcific tendinitis:
- held from 4 to 6 sessions of 15 minutes, with breaks between them 3 - 5 days;
- the energy level of shock waves is medium and high (1500 impulses per session).
Other types of physiotherapy are also used in the form of mineral baths and therapeutic mud, which are best done during spa treatment.
When the pain passes, to restore the mobility of the hip joint, they begin therapeutic exercises.

Surgery

Surgical treatment is rarely performed - with chronic late-stage tendinitis, accompanied by severe pain:

The most affected part of the tendon is removed.
In the calcifying pathology, calcium deposits are destroyed by a needle under anesthesia and they are then absorbed.
If a tendon rupture occurs in the final stage of the disease, then transplantation is performed using own or donor tissues.

What gymnastics is done with hip tendinitis

Muscle stretching exercises help with tendonitis of the joints.

It is necessary to perform exercise therapy not with severe pain, gradually increasing the angle of elevation of the legs and the time of holding in a fixed position.

After finishing gymnastics, in order to avoid fatigue pain, it is recommended to lie down in a relaxed state, applying ice to painful places.

Exercise examples

Exercise for abductor tendonitis:

Lying on your side, lean on your forearm, put your other hand on your thigh.
Helping with the hand in the first stages, lift the upper leg up, straining the wide fascia of the thigh.
Fix the position in the same way as in the previous exercise.
Over time, perform this exercise with the resistance of an elastic cord or tape.

Dropping to the right knee, put the left leg forward, bending it at a right angle and pressing the foot to the floor (the position of the foot is strictly under the knee or slightly in front)
Straighten your back, tensing the stabilizing muscles.
Feeding the hips slightly forward, pull the pelvis back, while placing the hands on the left knee or on the hips.
Hold this position, then repeat the scratch for the other leg.
More complex exercises for the iliopsoas muscle:
- "scissors" with a separation of the lower back and pelvis from the floor;
- leg-split.

Exercise for tendonitis of the tendon of the adductor muscle:

Lying on the floor and leaning on your elbows, bend the upper leg and put it in front of you, placing the foot above the knee of the lower leg.
Pulling the toe of the lower leg towards you, slowly raise it, and then slowly lower it without laying it on the floor.
Repeat reciprocating movements with the lower leg until you feel heat in the muscles.
Then you can lower your leg, relax, and roll over to the other side to repeat the exercise for the other leg.
You can complicate this exercise by fixing the lower leg with an elastic band.
There is also another option:
- Lying on your side, place the ball between the calves of straightened legs.
- Raise and lower both legs without touching the floor.

Exercise for tendonitis of the quadriceps muscle:

Tendonitis occurs when an inflammatory process develops in the tendons. The disease is accompanied by pain and limited mobility. This disease includes several pathological conditions that apply directly to the tendon bag, as well as nearby muscle tissue.

In most cases, the lesion develops near large joints. Therefore, therapy is aimed at their recovery. Treatment depends on the type and stage of development of the disease. The main causes of tendinitis are trauma or infection.

The first symptoms are almost invisible. There is mild pain in evening time as well as after overexertion. After some time, the pain intensifies even in a state of complete rest.

Exercise therapy for tendinitis should be aimed at stretching the muscles. If negative symptoms occur, you should consult a doctor and undergo a diagnosis.

Therapeutic exercises contribute to the normalization of metabolic processes in the body, as well as strengthen the muscles. A set of procedures allows you to accelerate blood circulation, which contributes to the nutrition of the patient apparatus.

Therapeutic exercise has its contraindications. In the acute course of the disease, a set of exercises should be prescribed by a doctor. It is forbidden to self-medicate. Harmless, at first glance, warm-up can lead to a number of complications.

Therefore, exercise therapy is prescribed during the calm period of the disease, as well as during rehabilitation after surgery.

For the shoulder joint

Exists a large number of reasons why tendinitis develops. For its effective treatment, it is necessary to get rid of the source itself. Exercise therapy for tendinitis of the shoulder joint is aimed at developing the joint.

Main reasons:

The risk of development increases in people whose profession is associated with excessive physical exertion: basketball, handball, volleyball, gymnastics, weightlifting.
The appearance of a large number of microtraumas, which leads to increased motor activity.
Diseases of bone and muscle tissue.
Reducing the protective properties of the body.
Constant exposure to stress.
hereditary predisposition.

Shoulder tendinitis has a number of symptoms:

Pain during movement and during rest.
Hyperemia is noticeable on the shoulder area.
Clicking in the shoulder joint.
Pain at night.
At the advanced stage, atrophy of the joints occurs.

Exercise therapy for tendinitis of the shoulder joint consists of a set of exercises:

To perform the exercise, you need to take a towel or a long scarf. Throw over the horizontal bar and grab a separate end with each hand. Gradually lower the healthy limb down, while the affected arm begins to rise up. At the first sensation of pain, stop the movement and hold it for a few seconds.
You will need a gymnastic or other stick that is available. It must be placed at arm's length from the body and covered with the palm of your hand. Make rotational movements in a circle. Try to make the circle as large as possible.
Put the palm of the affected hand on the healthy shoulder. With a healthy hand, take hold of the elbow and slowly raise the affected arm. Monitor pain. Fix at the highest point for a few seconds. Slowly lower your hand to the starting position.
Clasp your hands down to the castle. Slowly lift them up. The main load lies on a healthy arm, thanks to it the patient also rises. If you feel pain, stop and wait a few seconds. Put a chair in front of you, step back a little from it and lean on your healthy hand. In this case, the person is slightly bent over. Swing the affected arm like a pendulum. Movements to carry out to the right-left, forward-backward, and also to make circular movements.
Stretch your arms forward, parallel to the floor. Place the palm of the left hand on the elbow of the right. Carry out similar actions with the second hand. Make swinging movements in different directions.

For the knee joint

Causes of tendinitis:

significant load on the knee joints;
the presence of damage;
hereditary factor;
incorrect posture;
wearing uncomfortable shoes;
decrease in the protective properties of the body;
infection with bacteria and fungi.

Exercise therapy for tendinitis of the knee joint is aimed at stimulating and stretching the quadriceps muscle.

The duration of treatment is 2-3 months. After the expiration of this period, you can proceed to the exercises and do workouts.

You need to do the following exercises:

Stretching the quadriceps. The person lunges with one foot forward. The second leg is in a kneeling position on the roller. Do light springy squats.
Stretching the hamstring muscles. Sit on the floor, put a roller under two legs slightly above the knee. Rest your hands on the floor. In this position, spend a few minutes.
Lie on your side and lift your leg up as high as possible. If you feel pain, fix the position for a few seconds.
Lying on your back, alternately raise your sore leg up.
For the next exercise, you will need a ball. Starting position - standing against the wall, while the back is firmly pressed to the surface. Clamp the ball around the knees with your feet. Make squeezing and unclenching movements.
To perform the following exercise, you will need a special stand at an angle of 45 degrees. Become both feet on the stand. In this case, the heels should be located on a hill. Do slow squats.

For Achilles tendon

Causes of Achilles tendonitis:

constant overstrain of the calf muscle;
unusual loads on the tendon at the age of 40-60 years, which lead to running and walking;
violation of the training regimen in professional athletes.

In the conservative treatment of tendinitis, special importance is attached to exercises aimed at stretching and working out the muscular balance of the calf muscles.

Exercise therapy for Achilles tendonitis:

Stretching the calf muscles and Achilles tendon. Starting position - stand in front of the wall and rest against it with straight arms. One of the legs must be placed in front and the other behind the body. Do squats. Make sure your feet don't leave the floor. Squatting as much as possible, fix in a similar position for a few seconds. Repeat 20 times a day.
Eccentric muscle training is a series of exercises in which muscle tension occurs during its lengthening. If done incorrectly, the Achilles tendon can be damaged. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out with extreme caution, accompanied by an instructor. A ladder is required for this exercise. Place the toes of the feet on two adjacent steps. The heels are free to move up and down. Lower your heels down to the maximum and linger in a similar position for 10 seconds. Repeat 15 to 20 times.
You can complicate the task by performing the same exercise, only being either on one leg or with weighting.

When treating tendinitis, it is important to choose the right shoes. It should be with a soft back and a small heel. This will reduce the tension, thereby reducing the load. For acute pain, a special supportive orthosis may be needed.

Conclusion

Depending on the localization of tendinitis, the doctor selects a special set of exercises. It all depends on the severity of the pain syndrome and the stage of the disease. Any ailment is easier to treat at an early stage than in a neglected one.

Therefore, at the first symptoms of malaise, it is important to consult a doctor.

Physical therapy exercises can be performed both at home and in the clinic. Often the first exercises are performed with an instructor, and after studying the technique, you can proceed to independent exercise at home.

Tendonitis in the early stages is successfully treated with daily exercise.

Tendinitis is a pathology of the musculoskeletal system, in which there is a lesion of the tendons. Tendons usually become inflamed in the area of large joints that are adjacent to the bone. This article discusses hip tendinitis, its clinical features and treatment methods.

Depending on the cause of the disease, its primary and secondary forms are distinguished. Primary tendinitis develops as a result of excessive stress on the tendon. Usually, the area that is most susceptible to physical stress and the development of microtraumas becomes inflamed. In some cases, the tendon may be affected after a single sharp load.

The disease at a young age is usually found in athletes, and is associated with a constant load. In older people, tendon damage is more caused by the weakening of regenerative responses.

Secondary tendinitis is a consequence of the spread of the inflammatory process from the joint or other structures of the musculoskeletal system. It can develop with arthritis, arthrosis, systemic connective tissue diseases.

Video "Gymnastics for the hip joints"

From this video you will learn about a set of exercises for the hip joint.

Symptoms

Clinical signs depend on the form of the disease. Acute tendinitis is characterized by the following symptoms:

Acute and sudden onset. Usually you can establish a connection with the traumatic factor, and what specific movements led to the pathology.
Pain syndrome. The pain is sharp, aching or pulling in nature. The pain is usually localized in the hip region, but depending on the location of the lesion, it can also hurt in the groin or outer thigh. Pain can spread along the muscle. Pain is provoked by walking, prolonged standing or characteristic movements in the thigh. During rest and rest, the intensity of pain decreases, but does not go away for a long time.
Dysfunction of the affected muscle. Depending on the localization of the inflammatory process, flexion or extension of the hip, its rotation inward or outward may be disturbed. However, several movements are often disturbed at once, and it is difficult to identify the initial location of the lesion.
local manifestations. In the acute form, swelling, redness, and a local increase in temperature in the affected area may be observed.

In the chronic form, the above symptoms are also present, but they are less pronounced. Acute pain is uncharacteristic, more aching discomfort in the hip area. A specific symptom in the chronic course of the disease is the limitation of movements due to the development of fibrotic changes.

It is rather difficult to determine the specific localization of inflammation by clinical manifestations. For this, additional research methods are used: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or ultrasound (ultrasound).

In the secondary form of the disease or in the case of an organic pathology of the hip joint, a survey radiography is also prescribed. In addition to joint lesions, tendinitis must be differentiated from ligament rupture.

Kinds

The hip joint is formed by the articular surfaces of the femur and pelvic bone. It is surrounded by a layer of muscles that provide movement. Since the tendon of any muscle can be affected, there are several types of tendinitis of the thigh:

Tendinitis of the gluteal muscles. There are three pairs of muscles: large, medium and small gluteal. The lesion can occur in the tendon of any of the muscles, while the clinical manifestations will be slightly different.
Tendonitis of the psoas major. Its tendon is attached to the lesser trochanter and provides the function of flexion.
Tendinitis of the obturator internus. The tendon is attached to the greater trochanter of the femur, so the disease has another name - tendonitis of the greater trochanter of the femur. In this case, the function of abduction of the thigh outward is disrupted.

In addition to localization, the disease is divided according to the nature of the course into acute and chronic forms. The acute form is more common with a single injury to the tendon, but with inadequate treatment it can become chronic. The chronic form is characterized by the development of inflammation after a long monotonous load. A separate type is calcific tendonitis, which is characterized by the appearance of calcification areas due to a long course of the inflammatory process.

Treatment

The method of treatment depends not only on the nature of the course of the disease, but also on the presence of concomitant pathology of the musculoskeletal system. In most cases, conservative treatment is used, which includes:

Administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). With a pronounced inflammatory reaction and a long course, systemic NSAIDs are used in the form of tablets and injections. Injections for hip tendinitis are usually administered intramuscularly, less often intravenously. In the form of injections, drugs such as Movalis, Dicloberl, Diclofenac, Analgin can be used. In the form of tablets, Ibuprofen, Indomethacin, Nimesil are usually prescribed. When using NSAIDs of systemic action, one should be aware of side effects and contraindications. They can not be prescribed for pathology gastrointestinal tract (peptic ulcer, gastritis). To reduce the risk of developing side effects these funds must be used after meals and in a short course (no more than 5-7 days).
Conducting therapeutic blockades. With a significantly pronounced pain syndrome, novocaine blockades can be performed. To do this, a local anesthetic is injected into the innervated area, sometimes in combination with a glucocorticosteroid.
Physiotherapy exercises (LFK). Therapeutic gymnastics must be introduced in the rehabilitation period after the relief of the acute process. Exercise should be performed at a moderate pace, without a sudden increase in load, as this increases the risk of re-injury.
Physiotherapy. This is especially true for the chronic form of the disease. Electrophoresis, shock wave therapy, cold exposure in the acute period and dry heat in the rehabilitation period are prescribed.

With the ineffectiveness of conservative treatment, surgical intervention is prescribed. In addition, the surgical method of treatment is indicated for the chronic form of pathology with irreversible changes. The scope of the operation is to excise the affected area and further reconstruction. Surgical intervention can be carried out both with open access and with the help of arthroscopy.

Prevention

Preventive measures for acute tendonitis in the femur are primarily in the normalization of physical load on the joint. Before training or running, it is imperative to warm up. This will help reduce the risk of injury.

In addition to avoiding excessive stress, the treatment of associated joint diseases plays an important role in the prevention of tendinitis. This is due to the fact that the inflammatory process can move from the joint to the tendon, and vice versa.

Tendinitis is one of the forms of enthesopathy, this diagnosis means the presence of inflammatory and at the same time dystrophic processes directly in the tendon. If the pathology captures neighboring periarticular tissues, the disease acquires a combined character: tendobursitis, tendovaginitis, epicondylitis, styloiditis, myotendinitis, etc.

It is believed that in the risk group for this disease are mainly athletes involved in professional sports. With a non-systematic increase in the intensity of training (for example, for competitions), they often experience overloads that contribute to the appearance of various microtraumas, including in the tendon area. For people who work hard physically, there is also a risk of developing this disease. The deterioration of the metabolism and nutrition of the tendon structures can lead to the drying of the connective tissue and the accumulation of salts that prevent the required extensibility of collagen fibers. As a rule, tissue nutrition does not change for the better after a person reaches the age of 40 and continues to regress every year, increasing degenerative phenomena. Any overexertion can lead to microscopic tears and inflammation of an insufficiently stretched tendon - chronic tendonitis.

In addition, medicine knows many cases when people accustomed to a sedentary or inactive lifestyle, after unexpected intense physical exertion without adequate preparation for them, received injuries, subsequently provoking ligament tendonitis or tendons.

Features of various forms of this disease:

knee tendinitis. The disease can affect the ligament of the kneecap (the so-called "jumper's knee") or the tendon of the quadriceps muscle. Initially, pain is caused by palpation of the area above the knee, the pain syndrome becomes distinct after intense exertion. At the next stage of the disease, swelling appears, pain is paroxysmal, does not depend on physical activity, degeneration of the connective tissue develops. In the advanced stage, pain becomes constant, a tendon rupture is possible. There are statistical data claiming the connection of such an injury with the use of anabolic steroids.
shoulder tendonitis, or rather, the tendons of the biceps muscle, the muscles of the rotator cuff of the shoulder, the long head of the biceps. At first, all the patient's jerky movements, turns of the arm are accompanied by discomfort and an unpleasant feeling in the shoulder area, later in such situations there is a sharp pain, the skin area over the affected tendon swells, a crunch is heard in the joint. The disease is typical for swimmers, tennis players, weightlifters. In some cases, it quickly becomes chronic.
hip tendonitis(otherwise - post-tibial). In most cases, it occurs in women. Dystrophy is exposed to the tendon of the posterior tibial muscle, which is responsible for the stable position of the arch of the foot. Violations of its functioning cause flat feet, pain in the foot and heels, which are more pronounced when running, carrying heavy loads and other similar loads. Additional signs of this type of tendinitis are swelling over the inflammation (the inner side of the ankle and lower leg), the appearance of heel spurs and plantar fasciitis. This group of diseases includes hip tendonitis, or rather, inflammatory processes in the tendons of the rectus, iliopsoas and inguinal muscles. Runners most often suffer from them. The disease is immediately visible in the changed gait, periodic lameness, a crunch is heard when moving.
tendonitis gluteal muscles manifests itself with muscle weakness, difficulty getting up or changing body position.
Achilles tendinitis, as well as the tendons of the plantar muscles. The skin on the ankle is reddened, swollen, sensitive, there are difficulties with the movements of the ankle and foot, in particular, lameness is noticeable when walking.
temporal tendinitis(otherwise - inflammation of the tendons of the masticatory muscles). The disease can be caused by malocclusion, an established habit of excessively hard foods (such as nuts), as well as concomitant diseases. For the first time, the disease makes itself felt by aching or sharp pain in the cheek, head or neck during chewing. It can radiate to the forehead, lower jaw.
calcining tendinitis. His symptom: pain in the shoulder that occurs when raising the arms usually increases during a night's rest. This disease is the result of the deposition of salts in the tendon tissues, injuring the periarticular tissues and provoking the gradual development of inflammation in them.

Causes of Tendinitis as Tibetan Doctors View Them

Western doctors take into account the following factors leading to the development of inflammatory and degenerative processes in the tendons:

exaggerated loads on the joints, resulting in multiple microtrauma;
certain diseases of the joints, for example, reactive, rheumatic and gouty arthritis;
congenital or age-related weakness of the tendons;
posture disorder.

According to Eastern views on human health, joint diseases arise due to the perturbation of the Yin constitutions of Mucus and Wind. That is why exacerbations or recurrences of tendonitis usually occur after hypothermia or after experienced stressful situations.

Improper nutrition (overabundance of unheated vegetables, fresh fruits, cold dairy products, soft drinks, frequent diets) and a lifestyle that does not involve adequate physical activity also often lead to cold diseases.

Cold penetrates through the skin of a person, they are sure in Tibet, and then spreads throughout the body, affecting the joints, internal organs and systems.

What does the treatment of tendonitis of the tendon in Tibetan clinics include?

Allopaths in the case of this diagnosis, as a rule, prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs and various physiotherapy procedures to the patient at the initial stages. If the disease continues to progress, surgery is considered inevitable in Western medicine.

Note that after such treatment, the patient is forced to undergo a long rehabilitation and take measures to eliminate side effects From him. In addition, no one gives a guarantee that there will be no relapses of the disease.

In the centers of Tibetan medicine, surgical operations are not used. Moreover, the use of chemically produced medicines is perceived as harmful to the patient. In contrast to the allopathic approach, Eastern doctors prefer a mild cure aimed at eradicating the root cause of the disease and stimulating the body's internal immune reserves. Thus, a prolonged effect is achieved from complex treatment, and there is a general recovery of a weakened body.

Tibetan therapeutic methods include:

diet therapy;
phytotherapy;
acupuncture;
various types of massage;
hirudotherapy;
Horme procedures;
cauterization with wormwood;
warm stone massage;
osteopathic massage;
reflexology;
vacuum therapy;
and others.

Tendinitis is a disease that inflames the tendons. The onset of the disease is most often inflammation of the tendon sheath (tendosynovitis, tendovaginitis) or tendon bag (tendobursitis). In cases where inflammation extends to the muscles that are adjacent to the tendon, the disease is called myotendinitis. The shoulder, hip, elbow, knee, calcaneal tendon, and base of the thumb are affected.

Causes

Microtraumas (different stretching during active movements), increased motor activity;
Violation of posture;
Musculoskeletal diseases (reactive arthritis, gout, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.);
Weakening or malformation of tendons.

People working in hard jobs and professional athletes are at particular risk.

Forms and types

Calcaneal tendonitis. Manifested by hypersensitivity of the skin and redness in the ankle, limiting mobility and swelling. Pain signals increase with walking. Treatment is shock wave therapy (abbreviated as ESWT).

Tibialis posterior. It develops as a result of prolonged tension of the muscles of the lower leg, sprain or chronic microtrauma. Often affects women with an active lifestyle after 30 years. Orthopedic shoes are prescribed.

knee joint. A very common disease, which is an inflammation of the knee tendon. Basically, the risk zone extends to 98% of athletes. Immediately, during physical exertion, pain signals are felt but does not affect human activity. Further, during moderate exertion, pain appears. In the later stages of the disease, pain comes even during rest. If conservative methods of treatment do not give positive effects, surgical treatment (surgery) is used.

Tendonitis of the knee

Gluteal tendonitis. Dystrophic phenomenon in the gluteal tendons. Signs may include weakness, atrophy, impaired motor functions. Mostly conservative methods of treatment are carried out.

shoulder joint. Symptoms are severe pain with sudden movements and swelling over the affected area. A progressive disease in which pain can occur even during sleep. It is treated with hormone injections in places with maximum pain. There is a high probability of the disease degenerating into a chronic form, so the injections are repeated after a few months.

Shoulder tendonitis

Main symptoms

There are quite a few types of tendonitis, but the symptoms are almost always similar. The main symptom is pain signals of varying strength. At the site of inflammation, the skin is swollen, hyperemic, has elevated temperature. Crunching during movement is another characteristic symptom.

Restriction of joint movement is caused by severe pain. Tendinitis in the first stages, as well as in the acute form, causes pain, which increases gradually with a load on the joint. Chronic tendonitis causes instant pain not only due to physical exertion, but even from changes in the weather.

Diagnosis of tendonitis

Diagnosis of a torn tendon through rtroscope and MRI

Diagnosis of tendonitis involves examination by palpation for pain and swelling at the site of the tendons.

Laboratory studies do not reveal any abnormalities, except when the disease is associated with a rheumatoid process or infection.

X-rays may show calcium deposits (calcifications) in the later stages of the disease.

With the help of computer diagnostics and MRI, you can find out the presence of tendon ruptures, as well as areas of degenerative changes that need to be treated surgically.

In the role of an additional diagnostic method, ultrasound (ultrasound examination) is used. It will help to identify changes in the structure or contraction of the tendons.

Treatment

Treatment of the initial stage of tendonitis according to general principles.

In purulent processes, an urgent opening and pumping of pus from the tendon sheath is performed.
Exclude any physical activity and provide rest to the affected tendon.
Massage sessions are prescribed for chronic processes.
Use cold for tendonitis and heat for tendovaginitis.
The appointment of physiotherapy exercises after the treatment of an acute disease. Exercises are aimed at stretching and strengthening the tendons.
It is possible to attribute auxiliary devices, it can be a crutch, a cane, a bandage, orthopedic shoes, etc.
The appointment of drug therapy of non-steroidal, antibacterial and analgesic drugs. Corticosteroid injections may also be given to the inflamed tendon and surrounding area.
Physiotherapy. It can be ultrasound, ultraviolet, magnetic or laser therapy. In chronic forms, it is possible to use mud baths and paraffin manipulations.

Ultraviolet as physiotherapy in the treatment of tendons

The operation (surgical intervention) is performed with ruptures or degenerative changes in the tendons, stenosing tenditis (when the blood vessels narrow). After the operation, the period can be 2-3 months, and it is allowed to give the same load after 3-4 months.

ethnoscience

Alternative treatment directs its forces to the removal of inflammatory processes and pain relief. Craftsmen treat tendonitis with the following means:

Infusion of partitions walnut on vodka. A glass of partitions is insisted in 0.5 liters. vodka for 18 days.
0.5 gr. curcumin as a seasoning for food.
Infusion of ground ginger roots (half a teaspoon) and sarsaparilla in a glass of boiling water.

Periarticular inflammation causes no less harm to the joints than injuries or degenerative destructive processes. They also seriously limit the active functioning of the joint, weakening it, causing discomfort and pain. For the hip joint, traumatic pathologies (fractures, sprains), as well as coxarthrosis, are more common, but sometimes one has to deal with another problem - hip tendonitis (it is also identified with tendinosis). In fact, tendinosis is associated with degenerative diseases, not inflammation, and may be a consequence of late arthrosis. But just like the joint, the tendon is subject to pathologies of a mixed type (inflammatory and degenerative): in this case there will be no fundamental difference, as we call the disease - tendinitis or tendinosis.