A group of food additives with codes E900 and further up to E999 are called anti-flamings.
This chemical substances, which prevent the formation of foam in food production or significantly reduce its occurrence.
But the additives included in this group can have not only antifoaming properties, but also be used for:
- prevent rapid evaporation of moisture from the product;
- giving better elasticity to the dough;
- sweetening the product;
- prevent oxidation;
- ejection of foam from the can.
Each additive with the letter "E" and a digital code has its own name.
E950
This substance is called Acesulfame Potassium or Acesulfame. It is a synthetic sweetener.
Its use is not limited to food production, acesulfame is used in pharmaceutical production, in the production of dietary supplements, toothpastes, powders and mouthwashes.
The sweetener is resistant to heat treatment and is used in products with a long shelf life.
Widely used to add to low-calorie food products.
E950 (acesulfame potassium) is added to:
Reference: used in combination with other sweeteners for a more natural taste.
Thus, E950 allows you to make the taste of the product more attractive.
Chemical origin of acesulfame potassium
The sweetener was discovered in the 60s of the 20th century by a German chemist. It is a white, odorless crystalline powder.
His sweet taste exceeds that of sugar and aspartame many times over.
The substance dissolves rapidly in water, melting point 225°C. It is resistant to pasteurization and hydrolysis. Chemical formula C4H4KNO4S.
But what harm can E950 do to the body?
Action on the human body
Acesulfame is a safe substance, which do not harm the body and are allowed in many countries.
It does not break down, once it enters the stomach with food, it exits almost unchanged through the kidneys.
E950 does not lead to caries and does not affect the formation or growth of tumors in the body. The maximum allowable rate that can be consumed per day by a person is 15 mg per 1 kg of body weight.
E951
This substance called Aspartame and also known as Acesulfame refers to sweeteners.
It is 150-200 times sweeter than sugar and has a low calorie content.
This does not affect food calories, as it is added in an extremely small amount.
E951 does not withstand heat, is included in not only products, for example, is contained in cough lozenges.
Aspartame is also sold as an independent sugar substitute, it can be called Shugafri, Slastilin.
It is used to sweeten food in diabetic diseases.
Products that may contain E951:
- sweets and confectionery;
- non-alcoholic and alcoholic drinks, cocktails;
- chewing gum;
- yoghurts and sweet dairy products;
- vitamins.
A complete list of food products, pharmaceuticals and other manufactured goods will be several thousand items.
Chemical origin of aspartame
Anti-flaming E951 was invented in the 20th century by an American chemist. It was obtained as an intermediate product in the preparation of the gastrin substance.
IMPORTANT: in the human body, aspartame breaks down into methanol and amino acids.
Unlike E951, it does not contain a bitter aftertaste.
Let's quickly dissolve in water and alcohol. Chemical formula C14H18N2O5.
The melting point of aspartame is about 250°C, subjected to this process, the sweetener loses its properties and decomposes.
Action on a person
Despite the fact that methanol, which is formed during the breakdown of aspartame, is a toxic substance, it is safe in small doses.
A dosage of 34 mg per 1 kg of human weight per day of aspartame has no effect on the body.
Methanol is found in many fruits and, for example, natural fruit juice contains more methanol than an aspartame drink.
Several hundred toxicological studies and the conclusions of authoritative world organizations provide clear information that the sweetener aspartame is safe for everyone, including children, diabetics and pregnant women.
REFERENCE: it was found that a person with a body weight of 80 kg E951 will not cause harm in an amount of up to 260 tablets per day.
E952
E952 has the following names: cyclamic acid sodium salt, cyclamic acid, sodium cyclamate. Like the previous ones, it refers to sweeteners, it is about 40 times sweeter than sugar.
Antiflaming quickly dissolves in water, is used in the manufacture of:
- sweet confectionery,
- ice cream;
- low-alcohol drinks and carbonated soft drinks.
Food additive E952 is able to reduce the calorie content of dishes, and therefore is used in the confectionery industry.
Chemical properties
Sodium cyclamate has the chemical formula C6H12NNaO3S, it is a colorless crystalline substance with a sugary taste. Melting point 265 degrees Celsius.
Additive E952 is resistant to high temperatures and freezing. The sweetener entered the market in the middle of the 20th century.
Impact on the human body
Registered Safe Daily Dose, in which E952 does not harm the body - 10-11 mg per 1 kg of body weight.
In the 60-70s of the 20th century it was banned in some countries.
Studies have shown that it can influence the formation of malignant tumors in animals.
By 1980, E952 was again allowed to be sold in some countries, since clinical studies did not reveal harm to the human body, if not to exceed the maximum permitted dose.
Currently, the substance is prohibited in the Russian Federation, USA, Japan, Canada.
IMPORTANT: in humans, cyclamic acid can be converted into metabolites that lead to abnormal development of embryos, therefore it is prohibited on early dates pregnancy.
E954
It was widely used in the food industry, namely in the production of diabetic products. She called saccharin. Now its use has been reduced and replaced with other better sugar substitutes.
This synthetic sweetener is used in:
- confectionery;
- bakery products;
- various drinks;
- canned food, except for meat;
- toothpaste;
- animal feed.
Due to the pronounced metallic taste of saccharin, it is not used in its pure form, but in combination with other antiflaming agents.
Chemical properties
E954 is one of the oldest additives, it was the first as a sweetener.
The sweetener was discovered in the 19th century, named Saccharin and then patented. It is colorless crystals with a melting point of about 230°C. Saccharin is poorly soluble in water and alcohol.
Chemical formula C7H5NO3S. 400 times sweeter than sucrose, the sweetener does not break down when cooked and has an unlimited shelf life in beverages and other products.
Impact on human health
The substance has been approved by the World Health Organization and allowed in many countries, including Russia.
Does E954 harm?
At a dosage of 5 mg per 1 kg of human body weight, no effects have been identified.
In the 60-70s, the substance was banned, as malignant tumors appeared in animals.
But subsequently allowed with a certain rate, since the dosage for animals was equal to their own weight.
However, for some groups of people, the use of saccharin should be limited, namely: for infants, children and pregnant women.
Reference: In 2015, American scientists found that saccharin can resist the development of an existing tumor, as it is able to deactivate carbonic anhydrase IX in cancer cells.
E955
This supplement is the newest sugar substitute, sweetener and called sucralose. It is widely used in those products of various industries that previously contained sucrose:
- Dessert;
- canned food;
- jam and jam;
- beverages;
- flour products;
- confectionery;
- pharmaceutical products and cosmetic products.
This substance is about 600 times sweeter than sucrose and 3 times sweeter than aspartame.
Chemical properties
The food supplement E955 was discovered in 1976 in London. Chemical formula C12H19Cl3O8. The sweetener melts at 125°C.
Sucralose is made from ordinary sugar, but is subjected to special processing in order to reduce calorie content.
The additive is highly soluble in water, highly stable during heat treatment, and can retain its properties in products for 10-12 months.
Human impact
The established dose of sucralose is 15 mg per 1 kg of human body weight.
The substance is excreted from the body unchanged by the kidneys.
Only 15% of sucralose is absorbed, which is then excreted during the day with urine.
The sweetener does not affect human body, has no calories and does not cause tooth decay.
Sucralose does not penetrate the brain, does not cross the placental barrier during pregnancy and does not enter the breast milk while breastfeeding.
After a large number studies, the use of E955 was approved by WHO and the US Food and Drink Commission.
Reference: E955 is considered the safest type of sweetener at the moment and is allowed in Canada, Australia, Russia, and European countries.
Chemical food additives, which are included in many foods consumed by humans, for the most part, can cause harm only if their recommended dosage is exceeded.
Since such substances are most often found in canned foods, fast foods and carbonated drinks, it is worth limiting their consumption to reduce possible harm to the body.
Sucralose E955 (trichlorogalactosucrose, Sucralose (trichlorogalacto-sucrose), TGS, TGS)- food additive used for food production as a sweetener, flavor and odor enhancer.Sucralose was called intensive, discovered in the 70s of the XX century by researchers from King's College in London. In the same year, one of the British companies launched the industrial production of sucralose.
Sucralose is produced from ordinary sugar using a special treatment of sucrose with chlorine. The purpose of such manipulations is to reduce the calorie content of the resulting substance.
Properties E955
Sucralose is a white crystal, characterized by a pleasant sweet taste, 600 times greater than the taste of sugar.The resulting substance is stable during heat treatment, which allows it to be used in the composition of products whose production requires high temperatures. E 955 is highly soluble in water and alcohols, does not dissolve in fatty solvents, goes well with fructose and invert syrup.
The taste of the sweetener practically does not differ from the taste of regular sugar and lasts for a long time.
In a small dosage, E955 can be used as a flavor and aroma enhancer.
Application of sucralose
The food supplement is approved for use in the Russian Federation, EU countries, Canada, Australia, the USA and many other countries of the world.Permissible daily rate consumption of E 955 is 15mg/kg of body weight per day.
Sucralose is used in the manufacture of the following reduced-calorie food products:
- fruit and vegetable processing products;
- confectionery;
- dairy products;
- soft drinks;
- rich bakery products;
- sauces and marinades;
- chewing gum.
The benefits and harms of sucralose, the effect of E955 on health
According to official data, this sweetener is safe for human health, provided that its dosage is observed. Sucralose is non-carcinogenic, non-toxic and can be consumed by all population groups.After a large number of studies, the use of E955 was approved by both the WHO and the US Food and Drink Commission.
The sweetener is practically not absorbed by the human body. Only 15% of the substance is absorbed, which are excreted during the day. Sucralose does not penetrate the brain, does not cross the placental barrier during pregnancy, and does not pass into breast milk when breastfeeding. There is no official evidence to support the harmful effects of this sweetener on children's health. Not found side effects from its use for the nervous and reproductive systems.
Benefits of drinking sucralose:
- low calorie;
- safety for those who suffer diabetes;
- no harmful effects on dental health.
Opponents of the use of sucralose put forward the following arguments:
- most of the safety studies of the substance were commissioned by the manufacturing company and were carried out on animals, not on humans;
- sucralose contains chlorine, which can be harmful to human health;
- too little time has passed to assess the potential risks of using E955.
- decrease in immunity
- development of cancer,
- neurological and hormonal problems,
- diseases of the gastrointestinal tract,
- allergic reactions,
- weight gain.
You can check if sucralose E955 is contained in food products using
Not every modern person, for one reason or another, can afford to include natural granulated sugar in his daily diet.
People who have been diagnosed with diabetes, pregnant women, and young children should keep sugar to a minimum.
Many people cannot imagine their life complete without sweets. In this case, they come to the aid of sweeteners. These nutritional supplements will help you fully enjoy the taste sensations.
In order to satisfy the body's needs for sweets, you need to use only high-quality sugar analogues.
What is sucralose
Sucralose is currently considered the most popular and safe sugar substitute. Despite the fact that the analogue is quite young (it was developed about forty years ago), it has already managed to earn a good reputation for itself. Sucralose was derived in a special way from sugar by introducing chlorine molecules into its structure.
The sweetener is white, does not contain carbohydrates, has no peculiar smell and unpleasant aftertaste.
This substance does not exist in nature. This product is synthetic, resistant to high temperatures. It is 500 times sweeter than sugar, while its calorie content is almost zero.
This food flavoring is officially registered and labeled as E955 on the labels. It has a pleasant sweet taste and dissolves well in water. And among other things, the substance does not lose its quality indicators even in the process of sterilization or pasteurization.
Products prepared with sucralose, even a year after preparation, remain just as tasty and sweet.
The body's response to sucralose
Sugar level
As a result of numerous scientific studies, it has been proven that 85% of the sugar substitute is excreted from the body with urine immediately, and the remaining 15% are absorbed. But even this small percentage of the absorbed substance does not take part in the metabolism, but is excreted a day after eating. In other words, the sweetener sucralose:
- Does not stay long in the human body.
- Does not penetrate the brain and does not affect it negative impact.
- It is not able to penetrate the placenta, and this is very important during pregnancy.
- Does not pass into breast milk, so sucralose can be used during lactation.
- The substance does not come into contact with the cells of the body, and this makes it possible for it not to take part in the release of insulin.
- The sweetener does not break down inside the body, which means that extra calories do not appear.
- Prevents dental caries.
Application
Since the structure of sucralose is not destroyed when heated, this property is used in cooking and the food industry in the manufacture of:
- sweet carbonated drinks;
- marmalade and confiture;
- semi-finished products and frozen desserts;
- sauces and seasonings;
- chewing gum;
- dry mixes;
- dairy products;
- canned compotes from various fruits;
- rich confectionery;
- tablets and syrups.
What is the benefit
The main advantage of the product is its low calorie content. 100 grams of sucralose contains only 268 kcal (100 grams of sugar - 400 calories).
Thanks to the "powerful" sweetness of the substitute, you can significantly reduce the consumption of sugar and its analogues. The instructions for use say that 1 tablet of sucralose added to a cup of tea or coffee will replace 3 tablespoons of sugar.
To the above, you can add the following positive qualities of food supplements:
- Practically no calories are absorbed, and this is a good prevention.
- Does not increase blood sugar levels.
- Bacteria resistant.
- During heat treatment does not lose its qualities.
- "Sugar chloride" lacks the bitter taste that some other substitutes have.
The price of the sweetener is available to a wide range of the population and, importantly, it is convenient to use.
Harmful properties
Before choosing a sugar substitute, you need to learn about the contraindications and the dangers of the product that it can have on the body when consumed. Sucralose will negatively affect the body if:
- The supplement will be consumed by children under 14 years of age.
- Expose the sweetener to high temperatures. At 125 degrees Celsius, the process of melting of dry matter occurs, as a result of which toxic substances are released - chloropropanols, and this is very harmful to health (it is possible to develop oncology, and disturbances in the endocrine system may also occur).
- Use the product for a long period of time. In this case, the normal functioning of the digestive system will be disrupted, immunity will decrease, and this, in turn, will provoke frequent colds.
- Often use analog. The work of the brain can significantly deteriorate, vision, memory and sense of smell can be dulled. The reason for the development of these processes is the absence of glucose in the sweetener. Doctors say that long-term use of a substitute can lead to.
In case of an overdose in people prone to hypersensitivity to artificial products, the following complications may occur:
- convulsions, migraine, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea;
- skin redness, severe itching;
- shortness of breath, difficulty breathing;
- redness of the eyes, lacrimation;
- strong heartbeat;
- depression, anxiety, dizziness.
If you find these unpleasant symptoms, you need to remove sucralose from your diet completely.
Conditions, price and terms of storage
People suffering from diabetes or dreaming of getting rid of extra pounds often exclude sugar from their daily diet and replace it with various analogues. They are called artificial sweeteners, believing that such substances can really be a great alternative in nutrition. Among these substitutes, it is worth highlighting sucralose, which is labeled on food as E955. This synthesized white powder is almost 600 times sweeter than ordinary sugar, so a few milligrams of the substance is enough to get sweet tea or coffee.
What are the benefits of sucralose?
Food supplement E 955 was developed in 1976 by British nutritionists who offered their own version of an alternative to sugar. True, this substance is still obtained from granulated sugar to this day by its special processing, as a result of which sucralose gets rid of too high a calorie content without losing its taste. Moreover, E955 has fundamentally new properties due to which this preservative is widely used in the food industry today. So, sucralose not only dissolves perfectly in water, regardless of the concentration level, but also remains stable during heat treatment. At the same time, such an additive does not contribute to an increase in blood glucose levels, which is very important for people who suffer from diabetes. It should also be noted that sucralose does not adversely affect tooth enamel and is not a risk factor for the development of caries, which cannot be said about regular sugar. Therefore, it is not surprising that today many manufacturers are very willing to replace it with E955.
Scope of sucralose
If initially this substance was created for people with various endocrine disorders, today, due to its versatility and relative safety, E955 is used in many food industries. This preservative is added to yoghurts and milk creams, carbonated drinks and sweets, jams, jellies and different kinds desserts. In addition, with the help of E955, fruits are preserved and the shelf life of sauces is extended. Chewing gum, baked goods, frozen convenience foods and even some types of condiments today cannot do without sucralose.
This dietary supplement is also sold in the form of miniature tablets that can be added to various dishes and drinks instead of sugar. In addition, E 955 is used in pharmacology, when in medicines an alternative to glucose needs to be found.
Is surcalose dangerous to health?
Scientific studies of this substance were carried out in various countries of the world, and the longest tests of E955 lasted almost 15 years, covering various segments of the population. Their results were quite optimistic, as it turned out that in minimal amounts, surcalose is absolutely harmless to health. Moreover, it can be included in the diet of not only children, but also women during pregnancy and lactation, which will not affect their health at all. Indeed, it should be taken into account that the maximum allowable dosage of this preservative in the human body is 5 mg per 1 kg of body weight. In order to achieve such a concentration of the substance, you will have to work hard. After all, surcalose is easily excreted with urine within a day after ingestion. Due to this, it is almost impossible to poison E 955, although with increased sensitivity to this substance, even a small dose of it in some people can cause bouts of mild nausea.
In general, it should be borne in mind that surcalose cannot penetrate the brain, amniotic sac, mother's milk, or internal organs. And this is precisely the danger of using this substance as a permanent sugar substitute. The absence of glucose in the body leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the brain, deterioration of memory, vision, and even dullness of the sense of smell.
A new sweetener known to everyone as sucralose was invented quite by accident back in 1976. Food additive E 955 is used to this day as a sweetener. Disputes about what sucralose is, whether it is beneficial or harmful to the body, do not subside. Let's talk about it and talk.
Sucralose - what is it?
Sucralose is made from regular granulated sugar. Used as a sweetener by many dieters, this food supplement was invented as a result of a change chemical composition Sahara. Hydrogen atoms were replaced with chlorine, resulting in a very sweet substance. Sucralose tastes ten times sweeter than sugar. At the same time, it is absolutely not absorbed by the body and has no energy value.
Today, sucralose has become widely used in the food industry. This granulated sugar substitute is resistant to heat treatment. It is used to make juices and fruit purees. Please note: the marking on the package E 955 means that the product contains sucralose. It allows the product to be stored for a long time and does not lose its taste.
Sugar substitute - harm or benefit?
For decades now, scientists and medical professionals have been arguing about the benefits and harms of sucralose. Some believe that it has a number of positive properties. Others are of the opinion that such a granulated sugar substitute should not be added to food products.
Today, sucralose is added to almost all sweets. This substance is a real find for people suffering from diabetes. The components of sucralose are absorbed by our body by only 15% and are retained for no more than one day. Then they are excreted in the urine.
Sweetener E 955 is used for the production of a number of food products and drinks, in particular:
- sweet carbonated drinks;
- chewing gums;
- fruit preservation;
- marmalade;
- jam;
- jams;
- chilled and fresh-frozen desserts, etc.
Sucralose has also found wide application in the pharmaceutical industry. It is this component that is part of many syrups and suspensions. Sucralose has a number of useful properties, in particular:
- is not absorbed by the body and does not accumulate;
- does not adversely affect the fetus and health of a pregnant woman, so it can be used during the period of bearing a child;
- the use of sucralose does not increase the concentration of sugar in the blood;
- active components of sucralose have a beneficial effect on oral cavity, protecting it from the reproduction of microbes and the development of caries;
- Sucralose is very useful for tooth enamel.
As already mentioned, the sucralose sweetener does not contain calories, so this product can be introduced into the diet. Very often it is eaten by people who are actively fighting overweight. So that sucralose does not harm health, no more than 4 mg of the product per 1 kg of body weight can be consumed per day.
Along with useful properties, there are always contraindications. Until the end, the harm of sucralose has not been studied, so it should be used with extreme caution. Since the release of sucralose and its entry into the market, the demand for this sweetener has increased by up to 20%. The arguments against eating sucralose are:
- studies regarding the safety and benefits of this product have been conducted exclusively in animals;
- insufficient attention has been paid to testing of the sweetener;
- sugar substitute contains chlorine compounds that can be harmful to our health.
There is an opinion among treating specialists that sucralose can cause irreparable harm to human health, in particular:
- provoke the development of allergic reactions;
- increase fat accumulation in the body;
- cause disorders of the digestive tract;
- cause a decrease in the immune defense of the body;
- affect the concentration of hormones;
- provoke the appearance and development of disorders of the central nervous system.
However, these claims have no scientific basis, since research on the subject harmful properties sucralose has not been tested by scientists and practitioners. Before you decide to introduce this sweetener into your daily diet, be sure to consult with your healthcare professional.
Let's talk about sucralose with inulin
Inulin is considered a natural substitute for granulated sugar, which is 95% organic fructose. This substance is obtained from plant extracts. The highest concentration of inulin is found in chicory. Treating specialists consider inulin a very useful sweetener. It has a number of positive properties, in particular:
- reduces the concentration of sugar in the blood;
- promotes a speedy recovery in the treatment of acute and chronic digestive pathologies;
- helps to cope with hepatitis of various groups, dysbacteriosis;
- strengthens the immune defense;
- contributes to the full absorption of calcium, which entails the strengthening of bone tissue;
- removes heavy metal compounds and radionuclides accumulated in the body;
- improves metabolic processes;
- helps restore hair structure.
In the course of long-term studies, the negative properties of inulin have not been identified. The only and main contraindication to its use is considered to be individual intolerance to the polysaccharide substance. The combination of sucralose with inulin does not carry harmful properties, it is considered an affordable and relatively cheap sweetener.
