In the midst of school final exams, a member of the testing commission published on her blog a selection of mistakes from essays on Russian literature. The graduates who chose it took the Unified State Exam on this subject on Friday, May 27.
Associate Professor of the Department of Journalism at Tula State University Tatyana Rudomazina, writing in LiveJournal under the nickname poleteli_nozhi, dedicated two posts to these quotes under the general title “Here we go.” The first is equipped with the following author's preface: “The first stage of testing the Unified State Examination in literature has been completed. I present fragments from the works without comments, so as not to disturb the purity of perception. Punctuation and spelling are from the works.”
Further, random excerpts from school opuses are given, reflecting the scale of teenage fantasy, the “imaginativeness” of thought, in some places - downright philosophical, but to a greater extent still illiteracy and ignorance of classical works, not to mention the biography of their authors.
We present these quotes in full, but in a different order, to clearly demonstrate who and how “got it” from applicants for a certificate of secondary education and admission to a university. Spelling and punctuation are copyrighted.
Pushkin is an opponent of “forced love”
“Alexander Sergeevich was generally against forced love.”
"The friendship of Onegin and Lensky is insincere, deceitful and genuine."
“Lensky is drawn to Evgeniy, and he simply agrees to communicate with him. As you know, a wolf is not a hare’s friend.”
“Many poets wrote about love for their women. The Russian poet Pushkin wrote about love for a woman in the poem “I am writing to you.”
“They wanted to raise Petrusha to be a real soldier. One who is not afraid to go against a fascist” (about “The Captain’s Daughter” - P-N).
Lermontov - "the main patriot of the literary sphere"
“In the poem “Valerik” one can clearly see how fully, purely, beautifully, sublimely Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov can love.”
“The most important patriot of the literary sphere was M.Yu. Lermontov. He was always drawn to his native land. Therefore, most of his poems are dedicated specifically to Russian nature: “Motherland”, “Sail”, “Caucasus”, “The Golden Cloud Spent the Night”.
Gorky and the play “At the Lower Depths”: “...and Bubnov was a furrier”
“The world is harsh. Life is war. And the people in it are patrons. This is what the great Russian writer Maxim Gorky wrote.”
“And the Actor will never get the role, and the drunkard will never find a hospital. But Luke instilled hope in them, which extended their lives” (this is my favorite: the student never got in - P-N).
"Tick's wife died, the Actor stopped drinking and began saving money for treatment."
"Satin served at the telegraph office, the Actor played in the theater, and Bubnov was a furrier."
"Oblomov" by Goncharov
“Oblomov wrapped himself deeper and deeper in the folds of his robe.”
“Oblomov fell in love with a poetic and energetic girl, Olga. He tried to keep up with her. But the sofa turned out to be much more attractive. And he chooses Pshenitsyna, who was an island of family life.”
"Oblomovka, where there are only two interests: sleep and food. Sleep is compared to the dead kingdom, and the grinding of knives foreshadows a hearty dinner."
"Dead Souls" and "The Inspector General" by Gogol
“Sobakov is trying to push dead souls into the hero, praising them. It seemed like someone to praise, they’re dead!”
"The abduction of corpses and the sale of bodies was the main plan of the swindler"(Chichikova - P-N).
“Modern officials live by the motto: “Choose me, choose me, bird of tomorrow’s happiness.”(about "The Inspector General" - P-N).
Tolstoy “made four children for Natasha,” but “paints her completely ugly, with a big mouth.”
“Like Andrei Sokolov, Andrei Bolkonsky went through the war, was captured, and lost his young wife Lisa in the war.”
“During the War of 1812, Tolstoy draws Natasha as completely ugly, with a big mouth.”
“Balkonsky forces his daughter to learn to read and write, despite the fact that she doesn’t need it.”
"Natasha was singing a romance with her friend on the balcony."
"Tolstoy gave Natasha four children."
"Crime and Punishment" by Dostoevsky
“But still the killer misfired: he overslept”(about Raskolnikov - P-N).
“He is constantly afraid that they will come for him and immediately arrest him.”(about him).
Young analysts of literary creativity also suffered Chekhov, Nekrasov, Blok, Mayakovsky and Sholokhov. Here's what you can learn about them from exam essays:
"Chekhov's name is associated with a huge collection of stories, but few people know him as a playwright."
“Thousands of tramps saw off Nekrasov on his last journey.”
“The block in the poem “Stranger” was burning with love for a woman.”
“The name of Sholokhov is known to all of humanity. Even opponents of socialism do not deny his merits in the literature of the 20th century.”
Interpretation of the poem Mayakovsky "Could you?" It’s worth prefacing with the original itself:
I immediately blurred the map of everyday life,
splashing paint from a glass;
I showed the jelly on the dish
slanted cheekbones of the ocean.
On the scales of a tin fish
I read the calls of new lips.
And you
play nocturne
we could
on the drainpipe flute?
And this is how the current 17-year-old graduates assessed the creation of the 20-year-old poet:
"The poet challenges the musicians."
"The Poet Challenges the Nocturne."
Unfortunately, the mentioned LiveJournal has already been deleted for unknown reasons, but the contents of the entry managed to spread throughout the Russian Internet. Commenting on the quotes, Ekho Moskvy radio journalists Marina Koroleva and Olga Severskaya noted that this was written by children who know literature better than others, because they themselves chose literature as an exam.
Preview:
Prose Quotes.
"The Tale of Igor's Campaign"
“The Russians have great fields with scarlet shields
blocked.
Seeking honor for myself, and glory for the prince.” - Igor.
Yaroslavna: “I’ll fly,” says the cuckoo
Danube,
I will wet my silk sleeve in the Kayala River,
Morning to the prince his bloody wounds on the mighty
his body."
“The Golden Word” of Prince Svyatoslav:
“The old falcon, although he is weak in appearance,
Makes the birds fly high,
He won't let anyone offend.
Yes, the princes don’t want to help me,
There’s little use in valiant strength.”
Fonvizin
"Undergrown"
Starodum " In the big world there are
tiny souls"
“Humiliate your own kind with slavery
illegally»
Prostakov
«
Guilty without guilt"
“People live and have lived without sciences”, “learning-
nonsense", "the main thing is to be able to suffice
make money and save" - philosophy
ignorance. nobility
«
I've been studying for four years now» – about Mitro-
fanushka (the pointlessness of his teaching)
Servant-master relationship
Eremeevna gets " five rubles a year,
yes, five slaps a day»
Prostakova " Doesn't a nobleman have the right
beat up a servant whenever he wants?»
A. S. Pushkin: "The Minor" is the only one
monument to folk satire, "Minor",
whom Catherine once admired
and all her brilliant courtyard..."
Zhukovsky
"Svetlana"
Beginning of the ballad
«
Once on Epiphany evening
The girls wondered:
A shoe behind the gate
They took it off their feet and threw it..."
“Our best friend in this life
Faith in Providence»
Griboyedov
"Woe from Wit"
Contemporaries about comedy:
Pushkin " There is a lot of intelligence and humor in the poems,”
"a striking picture of morals»
Katenin "Darkness of Mind and Salt"
Sophia " Happy hours don't watch»
«
He has a screw loose"(about Chatsky) - first
spreads rumors.
Famusov " My custom is this:
Signed, off your shoulders"
“There is no need for another model,
When your father's example is in your eyes"(Sofya)
«
He who is poor is not a match for you"(Sofya)
«
What will Princess Marya say?
Aleksevna!"(the phrase ends the comedy,
Famusov’s dependence on other people’s opinions)
Molchalin: “ At my age you shouldn't dare
Have your own judgment"(spinelessness and
servility)
Father’s testament to Molchalin: “please everyone
people without exception»
«
Evil tongues are worse than a gun»
Chatsky " Ranks are given by people,
And people can be deceived»
«
The houses are new, but the prejudices are old."
“And the smoke of the Fatherland is sweet and pleasant to us...”
“I would be glad to serve, to serve
sick"
“Silent people are blissful in the world!”
“But by the way, he will reach the known levels
After all, nowadays they love the dumb.”(about Silent)
Goncharov (“A Million Torments”):"This play is like
a hundred-year-old man, around whom everything, having outlived
take turns at their own time, they die and lie down, and he
walks, vigorous and fresh, between the graves of old
rykh and cradles of new ones"
Pushkin
"Captain's daughter"
«
Take care of the dress again, and honor from a young age» -
epigraph, father's testament to Grinev
ABOUT THE RULER:
«
I came to ask for mercy
not justice" - Masha Mironova to Ekaterina II
Shvabrin describes Masha Grineva
«
a complete fool»
«
Just don’t demand what is contrary to honor
my and Christian conscience" - Grinev to Pugachev.
Poem "The Bronze Horseman"
ABOUT THE RULER:
«
On the shore of desert waves
He stood there, full of great thoughts
And he looked into the distance. "(about Peter 1)
"Eugene Onegin"
«
Are you really in love with the smaller one?
-And what? - “I would choose another,
If only I were like you, a poet"
“Always modest, always obedient,
Always cheerful like the morning,
How a poet's life is simple-minded,
How sweet is love's kiss"(Olga )
“He traveled the world with a lyre:
Under the sky of Schiller and Goethe
Their poetic fire
The soul ignited in him"(Lensky)
«
Not your sister's beauty,
nor her rosy beauty,
She wouldn't attract anyone's attention" (Tatiana )
«
Dick, sad, silent,
Like a forest deer is timid,
She is in her own family
Seemed like a stranger to the girl"(Tatiana )
“I love you (why lie?),
But I was given to another;
I will be faithful to him forever"(last thing
Tatiana's explanation with Onegin)
«
What do you want more?
The light has decided
That he is smart and very nice"(about Onegin , secular
society is narrow-minded, petty, low)
« Isn't he a parody?"(Tatiana about Onegin)
«
With your mind there are feelings of smallness
slave?(Tatiana Onegin, question about doubts
Tatiana about Evgeniy’s love for her)
The compositional feature of the novel is
open ending, the author leaves Onegin
after the explanation with Tatyana
«
And here, my hero,
In a moment that is evil for him,
Reader, we will now leave,
For a long time, forever»
Differences between Onegin and the author
V. G. Belinsky : "in "Eugene Onegin" Pushkin
has exhausted modern Russian life to the dregs.”
Subject of comparison | Onegin | |
Theater | For Onegin, the theater is a place where one can show oneself and admire unknown ladies through a lorgnette with impunity. | |
Nature | Nature puts Onegin to sleep. | |
Love | For Onegin, love is “the science of tender passion,” a prerequisite for which is the ability to “be a hypocrite, conceal hope, be jealous, dissuade, make believe, seem gloomy, languish” | |
Creation | Onegin is deprived of the ability and opportunity to express himself in creativity “hard work, he was sick; nothing / came out of his pen" |
Lermontov
“Song about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich, the young
oprichnik and daring Merchant Kalashnikov"
Kiribeevich - guardsman
Merchant: “I will tell you, Orthodox Tsar:
I killed him freely
And for what about what - I won’t tell you,
I will only tell God alone.
Order me to be executed - and to be carried to the scaffold
It's my fault;
Don't leave only the little children,
Don't leave the young widow
Yes, my two brothers by your grace”...
Poem "Mtsyri" courage, protest, love of freedom.
Mtsyri lives in an alien environment, deprived
all loved ones:
«
I couldn't tell anyone
The sacred words "father" and "mother".
...I saw it in others
Fatherland, home, friends, relatives,
But I didn’t find it at home,
Not like sweet souls - graves!»
“I lived little and lived in captivity
Such two lives in one,
But only full of anxiety,
I would trade it if I could.”
Novel "Hero of Our Time"
Chronology of chapters: "Taman", "Princess
Mary", the beginning of the story "Bela", "Fatalist"»,
end of the story "Bela", "Maksim Maksimych»,
preface to "Pechorin's journal"
MEANING OF LIFE:
Before the duel with Grushnitsky Pechorin
reflects: “Why did I live? For which
purpose I was born?»
Pechorin: " Really, I thought, my
the only purpose on earth
- destroy other people's hopes?»
«
After all this, it seems
not to become a fatalist?»
«
And if there really is a predestination,
then why were we given will and reason?»
Lerm: " The hero of our time is a portrait,
made up of the vices of all of us
generations in their full development»
V. G. Belinsky: "Here is a book that is destined
never grow old, because at the very
at her birth she was sprinkled with living water
poetry! This old book will always be new."
Gogol
The story "The Overcoat"
INJUSTICE OF AUTHORITY:
«
Why are you insulting me?»
A significant person who scared me to death
Bashmachkina with his commanding shout,
learning about his death "I was left amazed
I heard remorse and was not happy all day
in the spirit»
"Inspector"
«
I invited you, gentlemen, in order to
convey the most unpleasant news:
an auditor is coming to visit us" - this play opens
phraseAnton Antonovich Skvoznik-Dmukhanovsk.
Trustee of charitable institutions Strawberries
«
A simple man: if he dies, he will die anyway,
and if he recovers, then he will recover»
«
My only positive hero
comedy is laughter"- Gogol admitted
Doctor with an ominous last name Gibner " in Russian
doesn't know a word»
Mayor “Why are you laughing? -Laughing at yourself!”
V. F. Odoevsky: “Russian literature has had a governing
four services to the government and the public, namely:
“The Minor”, “Sneak”, “Woe from Wit” and “The Inspector General”.
"Dead Souls"
The principle of depicting landowners:
- Exterior of the estate
- State of the farm
- Lord's house
- Interior decoration
- Characteristics of the landowner
- His relationship with Chichikov
About Manilov " stupid and useless preparation for
kitchen", "empty pantry", and meanwhile,
erected "gazebo with flat green
dome, wooden columns and inscription
"Temple of Solitude"(spiritual emptiness)
The box is “hard-headed” and "club-headed"»
« Nozdrev at thirty-five he was the same
exactly like at eighteen and twenty:
hunter to take a walk»
Plyushkin " a hole in humanity»
Common features of landowners:inhumanity,
idleness, vulgarity, spiritual emptiness.
«
You will do everything and ruin everything in the world
a penny!"- father said to Chichikov (father's testament)
Gogol about Chichikov: «
fairest of all
call him the owner-acquirer»
V.G. Belinsky: “Dead Souls” stand above everything,
what was and is in Russian literature, because in them
the depth of a living social idea is inextricably
combined with the endless artistry of images.
Ostrovsky
"Storm"
Katerina " You know, sometimes it seems to me
that I'm a bird. When you stand on the mountain, so you
and wants to fly"(freedom, striving for freedom)
Laws of the “dark kingdom”:
Money rules in it
Any living word, living thought, living feeling
persecuted in the city.
“Do whatever you want, as long as it’s done
it was covered" (Varvara Katerina)
Dobrolyubov: “Katerina is a ray of light in the dark
kingdom", "The character of Katerina, how it is performed
in "The Thunderstorm", constitutes a step forward not only in
Ostrovsky's dramatic activity, but
and in all our literature."
“Tikhon’s words provide the key to understanding the play.
They make you think not about love anymore
intrigue, but about this whole life, where living
They envy the dead, and what kind of suicides too!”
Turgenev
"Fathers and Sons"
Pisarev " To die the way Bazarov died,
it's like doing a feat»
Bazarov is a nihilist, i.e. " a person who doesn't
bows before any authority,
which does not accept a single principle on
faith, no matter how respectful one is surrounded
this principle."(this is how Arkady explains)
Bazarov " A decent chemist is 20 times more useful
every poet»
«
Raphael is not worth a dime»
ATTITUDE TO NATURE:
«
Nature is not a temple, but a workshop, and man
there is a worker in it"
“Such a rich body! Although now in the anatomy
mic theater!» -
Bazarov about Odintsova
(cynicism)
Before the duel with Pavel Petrovich Bazarov
thinks: "No, I still loom in the world for a long time
will»
Kate says to Arkady "He is predatory, and we
you are tame»
Before death Bazarov Odintsova: «
Blow
on the dying lamp and let it go out»
Burenin: Turgenev explained with vivid images
"fathers" and "children" the essence of that life
struggle between the moribund period of serfdom-
government and will transform it into new ones. period."
Goncharov
"Oblomov"
Olga could not awaken Oblomov to life:
“I thought that I would revive you, that you could still
live for me, but you have already died a long time ago.”
Olga's love for Oblomov is idealized.
She considered it her duty to awaken Oblomov to
life: “There is no sleep, no fatigue, no boredom on my face,”
“you can’t see the robe on him”, “sitting with a book
or writes."
Oblomov failed the test of love:
"God! - Oblomov exclaimed - Why does she
loves me? Why do I love her?
“I’m stealing someone else’s things! I am a thief!” - this is what the hero thinks.
He could not overcome Oblomovism in himself.
Agafya's Love - sacrificial love and at the same time
time is calm.
"...Most of all he was afraid of imagination, this
two-faced companion, with a friend on one and a hostile
female face on the other side, friend - the less
you believe him, and the enemy - when you fall asleep trustingly under
his sweet whisper..." (author o Stolze)
Dobrolyubov : "...some people think Goncharov’s novel
stretched out. It is, if you like, really stretched out.
<...>No external events, no obstacles,
no extraneous circumstances interfere with
novel. Oblomov's laziness and apathy are the only spring
actions throughout his history..."
Druzhinin: "...Agafya from her first appearance until
Has become to us the evil angel of Ilya Ilyich - and alas!
truly became his evil angel. Agafya
really ruined him completely, piled him up
a grave stone over all his aspirations"
Nekrasov
“Who lives well in Rus'”
«
Who lives happily and freely in Rus'?”
“Roman said: To the landowner,
Demyan said: to the official,
Luke said: ass.
To the fat-bellied merchant!-
The Gubin brothers said,
Ivan and Mitodor.
Old man Pakhom pushed
And he said to the ground, looking at him:
To the noble boyar,
To the sovereign minister,
And Prov said: To the King.
Korchagina Matryona Timofeevna «
It's not a matter between
looking for happy women"
«
The keys to women's happiness, to our freedom
wills, abandoned, lost from God himself»
Grisha Dobrosklonov «
In moments of despondency, oh homeland,
Mother, my thoughts fly ahead. Still destined
You will suffer a lot, but you will not perish, I know.”
S. A. Andreevsky:“The composition of “To whom...” has included
a huge number of signs and beliefs,
proverbs and sayings, riddles and individual folklore
clore images scattered throughout the poem and giving
it has extraordinary folklore richness.”
Saltykov-Shchedrin
"The Wise Minnow"
They say " Have you heard about the dunce who
doesn't eat, doesn't drink, doesn't see anyone, doesn't see anyone
doesn’t bring bread and salt, but just spreads everything
saving his life?»
«
Lived and trembled, and died - trembled»
“How one man fed two generals”
"Who would have thought, Your Excellency,
that human food, in its original form,
flies, swims and grows on trees? - general
"The Story of a City"
"...success never comes without sacrifice...",
"...many minds in some cases are tantamount
bewilderment...", "...if we really want to approve
polite treatment on a solid basis, then that's it‑
after all
First of all, we must supply people with the present. supposedly rights."
Tolstoy
"War and Peace"
Marya Bolkonskaya:"...humanity has forgotten the laws of its
divine savior who taught us love and forgiveness
grievances, and that it places its main dignity in art
kill each other..."
Andrey Bolkonsky:"...War is not a courtesy, but the most disgusting
this is a matter of life, and we must understand this and not play at war. Necessary
take strictly and seriously this terrible necessity.
That's all there is to it: throw away the lies, and war is war, not a toy..."
Pierre Bezukhov: "...man was created for happiness, that happiness
in himself, in the satisfaction of natural human
needs, and that all misfortune does not come from lack of
tatka, but from the excess..."
Dostoevsky
"Crime and Punishment"
Raskolnikov tells Sonya: «
I just killed; For
I killed myself, for myself alone... I needed to find out
then, and quickly find out whether I’m a louse, like everyone else, or
Human? Will I be able to cross or not?
Do I dare to bend down and take it or not?
Am I a trembling creature or do I have the right?»
Luzhin embodies selfish prudence,
hiding behind a rational idea " general
benefits "(akin to Raskolnikov's "arithmetic")
Svidrigailov - lack of moral
boundaries, no distinction between good and evil
Markov: ""Crime and Punishment" -
one of the most serious, deep and
Dostoevsky's original novels."
Chekhov
"Ionych"
Doctor Dmitry Ionych Startsev transforms
in Ionycha.
Turkin family
"Student"
“...and under Rurik, and under Ivan the Terrible, and under
Peter, and that they had exactly the same fierce
poverty, hunger, the same holey straw
roofs, ignorance, melancholy, the same desert all around,
darkness, a feeling of oppression - all these horrors were, are and
there will be, and because another thousand years will pass, life
It won't get better."
"The Cherry Orchard"
Double emphasis in the title.
Lopakhin: “ Come see how everyone
Ermolai Lopakhin will take an ax to the cherry tree
garden, how the trees will fly to the ground!»
Petya Trofimov: "...All of Russia is our garden. The land is great
and beautiful, there are many wonderful places on it..."
Bunin
"Mr. from San Francisco"
“...a ship, multi-tiered, multi-pipe, created
the pride of a New Man with an old heart..."
“At the very bottom, in the underwater womb of Atlantis...”
“...No one answered properly, no one understood anything,
since people are still most amazed and
They don’t want to believe in death for anything.”
"Clean Monday"
She: “You are my first and last. Is this not enough for you?
He: “And tomorrow and the day after tomorrow everything will be the same, I thought,
still the same torment and still the same happiness... Well, after all
happiness, great happiness!"
Bitter
"At the bottom"
Luke " What you believe in is what you are.”
“In my opinion, not a single flea is bad: all
little black ones, everyone is jumping»
About a human " he is whatever he is, but always
worth the price"
“A person can do anything...If only he wants to”
“It’s never harmful to caress a person”
Satin " Man - that sounds proud!»
«
We must respect the person! Don't regret
do not humiliate him with pity"
“Truth is the god of a free man,
lies - the religion of slaves and masters»
The story "Old Woman Izergil"
"The beautiful are always brave." - Izergil.
Danko: “Don’t turn a stone from the path with your thoughts. Who
If he doesn't do anything, nothing will happen to him."
Block
"Twelve"
“...And they go without the name of the saint
All twelve - into the distance.
Ready for anything
I don't regret anything...”
“Gentle tread over the blizzard,
Snow scattering of pearls,
In a white corolla of roses -
Ahead is Jesus Christ.”
Mayakovsky
"A cloud in pants"
Four parts - each implements a specific
idea:
1.Down with your love
2.Down with your art
3.Down with your system
4.Down with your religion
Mandelstam
Leningrad
“I returned to my city, familiar to tears,
To the veins, to the swollen glands of children.
You're back here, so swallow it quickly
Fish oil of Leningrad river lanterns.”
Notre Dame
“But the more carefully, the stronghold of Notre Dame,
I studied your monstrous ribs
The more often I thought: out of unkind heaviness
And someday I will create something beautiful.”
Akhmatova
poem "Requiem"
Dedicated to the victims of Stalin's repressions.
In the first lines of the "Introduction" there appears
image of a “scary world”:
«
It was when I smiled
Only dead, glad for peace,
And swayed with an unnecessary pendant
Near their prisons Leningrad»
The drama of all innocent Rus' is depicted:
«
I will be like the Streltsy wives,
Howl under the prison towers»
The epigraph is the lines of their article.
«
It was not in vain that we talked together»:
«
No! And not under an alien sky,
And not under the protection of alien wings -
I was with my people then
Where my people, unfortunately, were»
Sholokhov
"Quiet Don"
Aksinya : “Not an azure scarlet color, but
dog madness, shot-drunk
Late woman’s love blooms with horns.”
Gregory : “Like a steppe scorched by fires,
Gregory's life became black. Took everything away from
him, everything was destroyed by merciless death.
Only the children remained. But he himself is still
convulsively clung to the ground, as if
and in fact his broken life
was of some value to
for him and for others..."
Gregory : “Sometimes, remembering all
your life, you look, and it’s like a new one
pocket, turned inside out..."
"The Fate of Man"
“Such a smart guy, what if something happens?
quieted down, thought about it and no, no, yes, he looked
at me from under his long curved
to the top of his eyelashes, he sighs. So petty
bird, but has already learned to sigh.
Is it his business?
“No, it’s not only the elderly who cry in their sleep,
men who turned gray during the war years. Crying
they are in reality. The main thing here is to be on time
turn away. The most important thing here is not to hurt
the heart of a child so that he does not see how he runs
There’s a burning and stingy man’s tear running down your cheek...”
Bulgakov
"Master and Margarita"
Yeshua " It's easy and pleasant to tell the truth»
Woland " Well... ordinary people...
In general, similar to the previous ones...apartment
the question only spoiled them»
« Manuscripts don't burn"
“Never ask for anything. Never and
nothing, and especially among those who are stronger than you.
They will offer and give everything themselves"(Margarita)
Pontius Pilate " Cowardice is undoubtedly one of the
the most terrible vices...No, philosopher, I
I object to you: this is the most terrible vice»
Tvardovsky
"Vasily Terkin"
«
Let's be honest:
Just a guy himself
he is ordinary.
However, the guy is no matter where
A guy like that
Every company always has
And in every platoon"
“So that from my invention
Living people at war
It may have become lighter"
“I was killed near Rzhev”
«
And among the dead, the voiceless,
There is one consolation:
We fell for our homeland,
But she is saved"
Parsnip
"Doctor Zhivago"
“Man is born to live, not to prepare
to life"
“It is impossible without health consequences
showing yourself day after day is contrary to
What do you feel; crucify before
what you don’t like, rejoice in what
brings misfortune."
“As long as the bends of my elbows remember you, while
You’re still on my hands and lips, I’ll stay with you.”
Solzhenitsyn
"One day of life
Ivan Denisovich"
Original name – “Shch-854”
(One day of one prisoner)
About dinner " This scoop is for him now
dearer than will, dearer than all past life
and the whole future life»
«
This is a short moment for which
and the prisoner lives" (dinner)
« Matrenin's yard »
Original title: “The Village Isn’t Worth
without the righteous"
“Those people always have good faces, those who are in harmony
with your conscience."
Platonov
"Yushka"
“Why am I bothering you? Why am I bothering you? ..I live
ordained by my parents, I was born by law,
The whole world needs me too, just like you, without me
also, that means it’s impossible...»
Astafiev
"Tsar Fish"
“Tsar Fish” - Motifs of tragic powerlessness.
The writer's assessment of the “events of existence.”
Nature and man:
Two types of attitude towards nature and nature towards
to man (mythological animation of nature
and her retribution for immorality). A loss
moral guidelines in all layers of society.
Ignatyich asks: “Lord! Let us be separated!
Release this creature to freedom! She’s not for me!”
Little people:
Bashmachkin “Overcoat” Gogol
Samson Vyrin "Station Warden"
Evgeniy “The Bronze Horseman” Pushkin
Lisa "Poor Lisa" Karamzin
Marmeladov, Katerina Ivanovna “Crime and
punishment" Dostoevsky
Makar Devushkin “Poor People” Dostoevsky.
Epic novels
"War and Peace" Tolstoy
"Quiet Don" Sholokhov
Epic poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'”
Theoretical and literary concepts used
to analyze a dramatic work:
- conflict
- replica
- author's position
Nature and man.
“Nature has taken care of everything so much that everywhere you find something to learn”
Leonardo da Vinci
“Nature is the only book that contains deep content on all its pages”
Johann Goethe
“In nature, everything is wisely thought out and arranged, everyone should mind their own business, and in this wisdom lies the highest justice of life.”
Leonardo da Vinci.
Friendship and friends
A friend is one soul living in two bodies.
Aristotle
All the honors in this world are not worth one good friend...
“The meaning of true friendship is that it doubles joy and halves suffering.”
Joseph Addison
About nobility
A truly noble person is not born with a great soul, he makes himself such through his magnificent deeds.
Superstition is the poetry of life, so the poet is not ashamed to be superstitious.
The only cure against superstition is knowledge; nothing else can remove this plague stain from the human mind.
About the past and future
Without knowing the past, it is impossible to understand the true meaning of the present and the goals of the future.
Gorky M.
Nothing helps create the future like bold dreams. Today it’s a utopia, tomorrow it’s flesh and blood.
Hugo V.
The future now belongs to two types of people: the man of thought and the man of work. In essence, both of them form one whole, for to think means to work.
Hugo V .
There is nothing new under the sun: What is, that was, will forever be. And before, blood flowed like a river, And before, a man cried... Karamzin N. M
About the holidays
Life without holidays is a long journey without visiting the yard. Democritus
A holiday is an attempt for external joy to penetrate inside, and internal joy to spill out. - V. Krotov
Any holiday, even a bad one, is better than the most wonderful everyday life.
Victoria Tokareva
About chance
Blind chance changes everything.
Virgil
Nothing contradicts reason and order more than chance.
Cicero
About dreams
Whoever understands the meaning of the signs that appear before us in a dream will understand that they have an important influence on all events.
Hippocrates
Many of my stories would never have seen the light of day if I had not written down everything that appeared to me in my dreams.
Sir Walter Scott, Scottish writer
Nothing convinces me of the limitlessness of the human mind like dreams.
William Benton Clulow, English clergyman
A dream will tell the truth, but not to everyone. Proverb
Mysteries of nature.
In the book “100 amazing mysteries of nature” V. Syadro it tells about one hundred absolutely amazing phenomena of the plant, animal and underwater world, in a word, about what causes amazement and cannot be explained from the point of view of science. It seems that despite technological progress, humanity will continue to be surprised for a long time, because there is so much that is incomprehensible in the world.
About rudeness
Rudeness is the only vice that is displayed without any embarrassment.
...The worst trouble... - no and not roads, but total rudeness.
Boris Akunin
Quotes from books to prepare for the Unified State Exam in literature
Quotes from prose.
Zhukovsky "Svetlana"
Beginning of the ballad
« Once on Epiphany evening
The girls wondered:
A shoe behind the gate
They took it off their feet and threw it..."
“Our best friend in this life
Faith in Providence»
Fonvizin "Undergrowth"
Starodum « In the great world there are small souls."
“It is unlawful to humiliate one’s own kind through slavery»
Prostakov
« Guilty without guilt"
“without science people live and have lived”, “learning is nonsense”, the main thing is “to be able to acquire and maintain enough" - the philosophy of the ignorant nobility
« I've been studying for four years now" – about Mitrofanushka (the pointlessness of his training)
Eremeevna gets " five rubles a year, and five slaps a day»
Prostakova « Doesn't a nobleman have the right to beat a servant whenever he wants?»
Griboedov "Woe from Wit"
Contemporaries about comedy:
Pushkin « There is a lot of intelligence and humor in the poems,” “a striking picture of morals»
Katenin « The darkness of mind and salt»
Sophia « Happy hours don't watch»
« He has a screw loose"(about Chatsky) - the first to spread the rumor.
Famusov « My custom is this:
Signed, off your shoulders"
“There is no need for another model,
When your father's example is in your eyes"(Sofya)
« He who is poor is not a match for you"(Sofya)
« What will Princess Marya Aleksevna say?"(the phrase ends the comedy, Famusov’s dependence on other people’s opinions)
Molchalin: « At my age you shouldn't dare
Have your own judgment"(spinelessness and servility)
Father’s testament to Molchalin: “ please all people without exception»
« Evil tongues are worse than a gun»
Chatsky « Ranks are given by people,
And people can be deceived»
« The houses are new, but the prejudices are old."
“And the smoke of the Fatherland is sweet and pleasant to us...”
“I’d be glad to serve, but it’s sickening to be served”
“Silent people are blissful in the world!”
“But in fact, he will reach the famous levels
After all, nowadays they love the dumb.”(about Molchalin)
Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter"
« Take care of the dress again, and honor from a young age" - epigraph, father's testament to Grinev
« I came to ask for mercy, not justice." - Masha Mironova to Catherine II
Shvabrin describes Masha Grineva “ a complete fool»
« Just don’t demand what is contrary to my honor and Christian conscience» - Grinev Pugachev.
"Eugene Onegin"
« Are you really in love with the smaller one?
-And what? - “I would choose another,
If only I were like you, a poet"
“Always modest, always obedient,
Always cheerful like the morning,
How a poet's life is simple-minded,
How sweet is love's kiss" (Olga)
“He traveled the world with a lyre:
Under the sky of Schiller and Goethe
Their poetic fire
The soul ignited in him" (Lensky)
« Not your sister's beauty,
nor her rosy beauty,
She wouldn't attract anyone's attention» ( Tatiana)
« Dick, sad, silent,
Like a forest deer is timid,
She is in her own family
Seemed like a stranger to the girl»( Tatiana)
“I love you (why lie?),
But I was given to another;
I will be faithful to him forever"(last thing Tatiana's explanation with Onegin)
« They kept life peaceful
Habits of a dear old man"(traditions in the Larin family, which partly explain Tatyana’s passion for mysticism, fortune telling, and her love of nature)
« What do you want more?
The light has decided
That he is smart and very nice»( about Onegin, secular society is narrow in views, petty, low)
« Isn't he a parody?» ( Tatiana about Onegin)
« With your mind to be a petty slave of feelings?(Tatyana to Onegin, question about Tatiana’s doubts about Evgeniy’s love for her)
The compositional feature of the novel is an open ending, the author leaves Onegin after the explanation with Tatyana
« And here, my hero,
In a moment that is evil for him,
Reader, we will now leave,
For a long time, forever»
| Subject of comparison | Onegin | Author |
| Theater | For Onegin, the theater is a place where one can show oneself and admire unknown ladies through a lorgnette with impunity. | For the author, theater is a “magical land” |
| Nature | Nature puts Onegin to sleep. | The author is “devoted with all his soul to the fields, flowers, and villages” |
| Love | For Onegin, love is “the science of tender passion,” a prerequisite for which is the ability to “be a hypocrite, conceal hope, be jealous, dissuade, make believe, seem gloomy, languish” | The author says, remembering his love, that “he envied the waves running in a stormy line to lie lovingly at her feet.” |
| Creation | Onegin is deprived of the ability and opportunity to express himself in creativity “hard work, he was sick; nothing / came out of his pen" | The author sees the meaning of his own life in the following: “perhaps he will not drown in Lethe, the stanza composed by me” |
Poem "The Bronze Horseman"
« On the shore of desert waves
He stood there, full of great thoughts
And he looked into the distance."(about Peter 1)
Gogol "The Overcoat"
« Why are you insulting me?" - the phrase that influenced the young man sounded biblically: "I am your brother".
A significant person who frightened Bashmachkin to death with his commanding shout upon learning of his death “ I was even amazed, I heard remorse and was in a bad mood all day»
"Inspector"
« I invited you, gentlemen, in order to convey the most unpleasant news: an auditor is coming to us" - this phrase opens the play Anton Antonovich Skvoznik-Dmukhanovsky.
Trustee of charitable institutions Strawberries « A simple man: if he dies, then he will die anyway, and if he recovers, then he will recover anyway.»
« The only positive hero of my comedy is laughter»- Gogol admitted
Doctor with an ominous last name Gibner « doesn't know a word of Russian»
Mayor“Why are you laughing? “You’re laughing at yourself!”
"Dead Souls"
The principle of depicting landowners:
Exterior of the estate
State of the farm
Lord's house
Interior decoration
Characteristics of the landowner
His relationship with Chichikov
Box « strong-minded" And "club-headed"»
« Nozdrev at thirty-five he was exactly the same as at eighteen and twenty: eager to go for a walk»
Plyushkin « a hole in humanity»
Common features of landowners: inhumanity, idleness, vulgarity, spiritual emptiness.
« You will do everything and you will ruin everything in the world with a penny!"- father said to Chichikov (father's testament)
Gogol about Chichikov: « it’s fairest to call it the owner – the acquirer»
Lermontov "Mtsyri"
Mtsyri lives in an alien environment, deprived of all loved ones:
« I couldn't tell anyone
The sacred words "father" and "mother".
…I've seen others
Fatherland, home, friends, relatives,
But I didn’t find it at home,
Not like sweet souls - graves!»
"Hero of our time"
Chronology of chapters: " Taman", "Princess Mary"", the beginning of the story " Bela", "Fatalist"", end of the story " Bela", "Maksim Maksimych", preface to "Pechorin's magazine"
Before the duel with Grushnitsky, Pechorin reflects: “ Why did I live? For what purpose was I born?»
« Is it really possible, I thought, that my only purpose on earth is to destroy the hopes of others?»( Pechorin)
« After all this, how can one not become a fatalist?»( Pechorin)
« And if there really is predestination, then why are we given will and reason?» ( Pechorin)
« A hero of our time is a portrait made up of the vices of our entire generation in their full development»
Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm"
Katerina « You know, sometimes I feel like I'm a bird. When you stand on a mountain, you feel the urge to fly"(liberty, desire for freedom)
Laws " dark kingdom»:
Money rules in it
“Do whatever you want, as long as it’s safe and covered” (Varvara Katerina)
Any living word, living thought, living feeling is persecuted in the city.
Turgenev "Fathers and Sons"
Pisarev « To die the way Bazarov died is the same as accomplishing a feat»
Bazarov nihilist, i.e. " a person who does not bow to any authority, who does not accept a single principle on faith, no matter how respected this principle may be."(this is how Arkady explains)
Bazarov « A decent chemist is 20 times more useful than any poet»
« Raphael is not worth a dime»
« Nature is not a temple, but a workshop, and man is a worker in it.”
“Such a rich body! At least now to the anatomical theater!» - Bazarov about Odintsova(cynicism)
Before the duel with Pavel Petrovich, Bazarov thinks: “ No, I will loom in the world for a long time»
Kate says to Arkady " He is predatory, and you and I are tame»
Before death Bazarov Odintsova: « Blow on the dying lamp and let it go out»
Nekrasov “Who Lives Well in Rus'”
« Who lives happily and freely in Rus'?”
“Roman said: To the landowner,
Demyan said: to the official,
Luke said: ass.
To the fat-bellied merchant!-
The Gubin brothers said,
Ivan and Mitodor.
Old man Pakhom pushed
And he said to the ground, looking at him:
To the noble boyar,
To the sovereign minister,
And Prov said: To the King.
Korchagina Matryona Timofeevna « It’s not the job of women to look for a happy woman.”
« The keys to female happiness, to our free will, are abandoned, lost to God himself»
Grisha Dobrosklonov « In moments of despondency, O Motherland, I fly forward with my thoughts. You are still destined to suffer a lot, but you will not die, I know.”
Saveliy the hero « branded, but not a slave»
Saltykov-Shchedrin “The Wise Minnow”
They say " Have you heard about the dunce who doesn’t eat, doesn’t drink, doesn’t see anyone, doesn’t share bread and salt with anyone, and only saves his hateful life?»
« Lived and trembled, and died - trembled»
Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment"
Raskolnikov tells Sonya: « I just killed; I killed it for myself, for myself alone... I needed to find out then, and quickly find out, whether I was a louse, like everyone else, or a man? Will I be able to cross or not? Do I dare to bend down and take it or not? Am I a trembling creature or do I have the right?»
Luzhin embodies selfish prudence, hiding behind a rational idea " common good"(akin to Raskolnikov's "arithmetic")
Svidrigailov- lack of moral boundaries, indistinguishment between good and evil.
Chekhov "Ionych"
Doctor Dmitry Ionych Startsev turns into Ionych.
Turkin family
"The Cherry Orchard"
Lopakhin: « Come and see how Ermolai Lopakhin takes an ax to the cherry orchard and how the trees fly to the ground!»
Double emphasis in the title.
Gorky "At the Bottom"
Luke « What you believe in is what you are.”
“In my opinion, not a single flea is bad: all are black, all jump»
About a human " no matter what it is, it’s always worth its price.”
“A person can do anything...If only he wants to”
“It’s never harmful to caress a person”
Satin « Man - that sounds proud!»
« We must respect the person! Don’t feel sorry, don’t humiliate him with pity.”
“Truth is the god of a free man, lies are the religion of slaves and masters»
Mayakovsky "Cloud in Pants"
Four parts - each implements a specific idea
1.Down with your love
2.Down with your art
3.Down with your system
4.Down with your religion
Akhmatova's poem "Requiem"
Dedicated to the victims of Stalin's repressions.
In the first lines of the “Introduction” an image of a “terrible world” appears:
« It was when I smiled
Only dead, glad for peace,
And swayed with an unnecessary pendant
Near their prisons Leningrad»
The drama of all innocent Rus' is depicted:
« I will be like the Streltsy wives,
Howl under the prison towers»
The epigraph is the lines of their article. " It was not in vain that we talked together»:
« No! And not under an alien sky,
And not under the protection of alien wings -
I was with my people then
Where my people, unfortunately, were»
Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita"
Yeshua « It's easy and pleasant to tell the truth»
Woland « Well... ordinary people... In general, they are similar to the previous ones... the housing issue only spoiled them»
« Manuscripts don't burn"
“Never ask for anything. Never and nothing, and especially among those who are stronger than you. They will offer and give everything themselves»( Margarita)
Pontius Pilate « Cowardice is undoubtedly one of the most terrible vices... No, philosopher, I object to you: this is the most terrible vice»
Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin"
« Let's be honest:
Just a guy himself
he is ordinary.
However, the guy is no matter where
A guy like that
Every company always has
And in every platoon"
“Why is this without a beginning?
Because time is short.
Why is it like this without end?
I just feel sorry for the guy"
“So that from my invention
Living people at war
It may have become lighter"
Is it possible to watch film adaptations of books and read their summary?
If you mean replacing the reading of literature with summaries and film adaptations, then I am categorically AGAINST! There is nothing better than the text - therefore my strong recommendation is to read the works!!!
If there is very little time left before the Unified State Exam and you understand that you will not have time to read all the works, try to master which ones you have time for in the full text version, and the remaining ones in a summary (I am against this (!), but in a situation of tight preparation time, this path is inevitable) . And immediately consolidate the short viewing of the film adaptations.
What specific verses (or excerpts from them) would you like to learn? There is practically nothing on the Internet, or I'm looking in the wrong place.
In task 16 there are approximately 50 topics on which questions can be formulated. For each topic you need to select three poems, from which it is enough to learn 2-4 lines that reveal this topic. All of them were collected by me and presented in a closed group - “UNIVERSUM-16” (details about access to it on the start page of the website)
Hello, is it necessary to provide quotes in assignments 9 and 16? Do I need to learn prose quotes verbatim or can I retell them in my own words?
According to the new criteria, it is now necessary to argue based on the text - first of all, this means direct quotes (this applies to both poetry and prose). However, the criteria state: “analysis of important fragments, images, micro-themes, details, etc. for completing the task,” which indicates the possibility of referring to the specified, but through their analysis!!! Thus, at a minimum, you can analyze (rather than paraphrase) incidents and significant images in the text, and, at a maximum, you should strive for citation. At the same time, remember that you still have to quote the lyrics!!! — it is impossible to retell it.
ZAre assignments 9 and 16 designed only to find similarities? Are there any questions to identify the differences?
Questions to determine differences are less common than questions to determine similarities. However, they meet!!!
Is it necessary to find differences in poems if the question asks “what are the similarities” (task 16)?
It all depends on the wording of the question. If the question asks “what are the similarities,” then we only look for similarities. If “similarity and difference”, then both. When first formulating a question, I recommend that you pay attention to the obvious differences (not mentioning them is simply unforgivable!!!). If they are not obvious, then you should not look for “fleas”.
Can I cite a poem by a poet from our village for comparison?
If the works of a given writer are published in publications and included for study at school as a regional component (studying the works of writers of a particular region or region), then it is possible. If his works are published only as samizdat, then it’s not worth it.
What to do if, when quoting, the line ends with a comma - put a comma and close the quotes? And if you don’t deliver, will it be considered a factual error?
No factual error!!! Place an ellipsis and close the quotation marks.
When answering task 9, do you need to quote words from the text above?
You can, of course, bring it up. In order for the answer to be complete and deep, you compare it with other texts and support your reasoning with arguments from both other works you have selected and from the source text itself.
Are points deducted for punctuation and spelling errors?
No! Errors are reduced only for what is stated in the criteria - study them carefully
Is it possible to compare works from modern literature?
You can cite works from ANY period in the development of Russian literature
Is it necessary to write “lexical repetition” or “rhetorical question” in full on the answer form for tasks 1-7? What if there aren't enough cells?
Several answer options are stored in the computer. In the case of “lexical repetition”, you can write “repetition”, since the meaning of the answer will not be lost or distorted, but in the case of “rhetorical question”, you MUST write the entire phrase, since the answer “rhetorical question” and “question” are different things!!! Remember that the answer is written on the form without spaces: “rhetorical question”
Can the criteria be changed before the Unified State Exam?
In general, during the entire existence of the Unified State Examination in literature, this has never happened. The criteria are adjusted until approximately February-March, but then they are approved in their final form and are not changed before the exam.
I heard that during the exam you may come across a poem by Pushkin or Lermontov, which is not indicated in the Codifier. This is true?
Yes. I asked this question to S.A. Zinin (responsible for the Unified State Examination in literature in our country) 2 years ago at a seminar in Moscow - why is that? The answer was the following: these poems are part of the school curriculum, that’s why they were given. All that remains is to throw up your hands and prepare for the exam with its unpredictability.
Will the score for task 8 be reduced during testing if the answer consists of three sentences?
No, the volume of tasks is 8,9,15,16 – 5-10 sentences – recommended! A score can be reduced only based on the criteria for these types of tasks. But there is no criterion for assessing volume.
Should the quotation in task 17 be verbatim? Do I need to memorize passages from works?
In task 17, quoting is one of the criteria for checking the answer. There are different types of quotation: direct (1-2 sentences quoted verbatim by you in quotation marks), point or microquoting (a word/phrase placed in quotation marks), in the form of someone else’s speech (a brief retelling of the essence of what is being quoted in your own words with reference to the addressee of the statement - without quotes!), reference to episodes (a brief retelling or mention of events - without quotes).
In tasks 9 and 16, do I need to give examples for comparison from different centuries?
No, you have the right to give examples from one century or from different ones. The main thing is that both works you cite are not by the same author.
What preparation aids are advisable to buy?
Today they offer quite a lot of teaching aids for preparing for the Unified State Exam. In this “sea” of sources, I can with a clear conscience recommend only FIPI publications authored by S.A. Zinin. and Novikova L.V. – developers of the Unified State Examination in literature. They, like no one else, navigate the state system and give sensible recommendations.
At the same time, I would like to note that, unfortunately, I have not yet come across a universal publication that ideally covers all sections of the Unified State Exam.
Do I need to learn poems, and if so, which ones?
Everyone has their own method of preparing for the Unified State Exam. For my part, I suggest not learning all the poems. It is enough to determine the range of typical topics raised by the authors in poems and compose approximate answers to them (thesis or completely prepared ones). And in the end, you will only have to memorize two to four lines from the poems you have selected.
For my part, I can offer you the main topics that have already been highlighted and ready-made answers to them (example in the “Individual Consulting” section). If you are interested, write in the “Feedback” section.
Is it necessary to write answers to assignments in direct order?
No, you can answer the questions in the order that suits you.
Do I need to rewrite the question on the answer form?
No. Just put the question number.
Can I mention other works in task 17?
Yes, you can, if it is related to the question in task 17 or helps to develop one of the theses of your work more deeply. Just don’t get carried away with analyzing the other work you cite, as this may lead you away from the question asked.
How many terms should be used in task 17?
There is no such criterion as the number of terms used. The criteria indicate: your use of terms to analyze the work (at least in one place) – 2 points; use of terms (i.e. their mention) – 1 point. My advice: try to distribute terms throughout the answer to task 17 and use literary concepts to analyze the text in at least two places.
*** Examples of the correct use of terminology are given in Video 8 Advanced level “Theory of Literature: Literary terms and rules for their use in answers to different types of tasks (with examples).”
If there is a speech defect in the work, does it lead to a decrease in the score?
One speech defect will not lead to a decrease in score; two defects are equivalent to one speech error.
Is it possible to use lyric-epic works as a comparison to task 16?
Can.
Can I give three works as a comparison?
You can, it is not prohibited. However, is this necessary? The maximum score according to the criterion is given for bringing two (no more!) works. Comparison with a large number of texts will waste time, which you already have little of - 3 hours 55 minutes.
Is there a “universal” technique for analyzing a poem?
A poem can be analyzed in many ways, and a huge number of studies have been written about it (this, as I understand it, becomes the main problem for students). There is a certain algorithm for working with lyrical text, which I propose in preparation for the Unified State Exam. One answer to a question cannot explain it; this technique is covered by me in Advanced level video consultations (see Video 4. Methodology for analyzing a lyric poem (task 15). Having mastered this technique, you will be able to cope with the analysis of any poem offered to you in the exam.
